(1. 安徽工業(yè)大學(xué) 冶金工程學(xué)院，馬鞍山 243032；
2. 中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長沙 410083；
3. 中國黃金集團(tuán)公司，北京 100011)
摘 要: 針對某復(fù)雜難處理金精礦火法熔煉造锍產(chǎn)生的高銻煙塵，進(jìn)行了濕法綜合處理工藝研究。采用XRD、SEM對高銻煙塵進(jìn)行了物相組成分析和微觀形貌表征。以鹽酸為浸出劑分離煙塵中的砷、銻、鉛、鋅等元素，得到含雜較低的高品位金精礦，并對所得金精礦通過靜態(tài)富氧焙燒-酸浸除雜-氰化浸出工藝回收金銀等貴金屬。結(jié)果表明：高銻煙塵主要由Sb2O3和As2O3物相組成，銻、砷含量分別為31.18%和9.95%；該煙塵由粒度較細(xì)、大小較均勻顆粒物所組成；在鹽酸濃度為4 mol/L、浸出液固質(zhì)量比為5.0、溫度為85 ℃條件下攪拌浸出2 h，浸出渣率為13.65%，浸出渣中砷、銻、鉛和鋅的品位分別為0.52%、0.60%、0.06%和0.49%；所得金精礦靜態(tài)富氧焙燒脫硫率為98.81%，焙砂酸浸渣中金品位達(dá)到116.9 g/t，金的氰化浸出率達(dá)到98%。通過該工藝處理復(fù)雜難處理金精礦火法冶煉所得高銻煙塵，實(shí)現(xiàn)了煙塵中雜質(zhì)元素的高效分離，有價元素得到有效回收。
關(guān)鍵字: 復(fù)雜金精礦；高銻煙塵；砷；銻；浸出
（1. School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243032, China;
2. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. China National Gold Group Company Limited, Beijing 100011, China）
Abstract:A wet leaching process for disposing high antimony dust generated from the matte smelting process of refractory gold concentrate was reported. The phase composition and micro-morphology of the high antimony dust were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The elements of As, Sb, Pb and Zn in the dust were separated via hydrochloric acid leaching, and the high grade gold concentrate was subsequently obtained. The gold concentrate was then disposed by static rich-oxygen roasting, acid leaching, and cyaniding successively for the recovery of Au and Ag. The results show that the main phases of the high antimony dust are Sb2O3 and As2O3, and the contents of Sb and As are 31.18% and 9.95%, respectively. The particle size of the dust is relatively fine and uniform. The leaching residue rate is 13.65% and the contents of As, Sb, Pb, and Zn are decreased to 0.52%, 0.60%, 0.06%, and 0.49%, respectively, under the experimental conditions of HCl concentration of 4 mol/L, liquid-solid ratio of 5.0, temperature of 85 ℃, and reacting time of 2 h. The desulfurization rate of the gold concentrate and the cyanide leaching rate of gold are 98.81% and 98%, respectively, and the Au content in the calcine acid leaching residue reaches 116.9 g/t. The effective separation of impurity elements and recovery of valuable elements can be achieved by the disposal of high antimony dust generated from the pyrometallurgical process of gold concentrate through the process reported in the present work.
Key words: complicated gold concentrate; high antimony dust; arsenic; antimony; leaching
