(上海航天設(shè)備制造總廠有限公司，上海 200245)
摘 要: 錫基巴氏合金具有較低的摩擦因數(shù)、良好的耐磨性及抗膠合性，被廣泛應(yīng)用于航空、航天、船舶、起重機(jī)械等設(shè)備軸承零部件表面的耐磨材料。本研究中采用激光熔覆成形(LCD)，在20鋼基體上進(jìn)行錫基巴氏合金熔覆，并采用光學(xué)顯微鏡(OM)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、X射線衍射儀(XRD)、能譜分析儀(EDS)對(duì)熔覆層和過渡層的微觀組織、相組成和成分分布進(jìn)行檢測(cè)分析；采用萬能拉伸試驗(yàn)機(jī)對(duì)不同厚度錫基巴氏合金/20鋼間結(jié)合強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行測(cè)試，并對(duì)斷口形貌進(jìn)行檢測(cè)分析。結(jié)果表明：熔覆層微觀組織中分布著較多塊狀析出物，合金層主要由SnSb、Cu6Sn5及錫基固溶體相組成；錫基巴氏合金/20鋼中間界面層厚度約6 μm，兩種合金間的結(jié)合強(qiáng)度隨合金層厚度的增大而增大，錫基巴氏合金/20鋼斷口屬于準(zhǔn)解理斷裂。
關(guān)鍵字: 激光熔覆成形；錫基巴氏合金；20鋼；結(jié)合強(qiáng)度
（Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacturer Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200245, China）
Abstract:Tin-based Babbitt alloy has a low coefficient of friction, good wear resistance and anti-adhesion, which is widely used in aerospace, shipbuilding, cranes and other equipment bearing parts surface wear-resistant materials. In this study, laser cladding deposition (LCD) was used to fabricate tin-based Babbitt alloy on a 20 steel substrate. Optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) were used to test the microstructure, phase composition and composition distribution of the cladding layer and the transition layer. The universal tensile testing machine was used to test the bonding strength of the tin-based Babbitt/20 steel with different thicknesses. The fracture surface morphology was tested and analysed by SEM. The results show that there are many massive precipitates distributed in the microstructure of the cladding layer. The alloy layer is mainly composed of SnSb, Cu6Sn5 and tin-based solid solution phases. The thickness of interface of tin-base Babbitt/20 steel is about 6 μm, the bonding strength between the two alloys increases with the thickness of the alloy layer increasing, and the fracture of the tin-based Babbitt/20 steel belongs to the quasi-cleavage fracture.
Key words: laser cladding deposition; tin-based Babbitt alloy; 20 steel; bond strength
