(1. 中南大學 冶金與環(huán)境學院，長沙 410083
2. 湖南金旺鉍業(yè)股份有限公司 博士后科研流動站協(xié)作研發(fā)中心，郴州 423000)
摘 要: 低品位復雜物料中雜質元素含量高，其分配行為對熔煉工藝條件及產(chǎn)品質量具有很大影響。針對低品位鉛鉍物料氧化熔煉及其氧化渣還原熔煉兩段工藝開展研究，考察了各因素對元素分配行為的影響。結果表明：氧化熔煉最佳工藝條件為：通氧量200 L/kg，鐵硅質量比1.3，鈣硅比0.4。在此工藝條件下，鉛、鉍、銅、鋅、砷和銻在渣中分配比例分別為47.05%、7.37%、10.93%、55.12%、55.86%和47.59%。還原熔煉最佳工藝條件為：鐵硅質量比1.2，鈣硅質量比0.8，還原劑用量為理論量的1.3倍，還原時間60 min。在此工藝條件下，鉛、鉍、銅、鋅、砷和銻直收率分別為93.34%、99.60%、49.58%、84.38%、49.31%和87.26%。
關鍵字: 鉛；鉍；低品位復雜物料；熔池熔煉；元素分配
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2.Hunan Jinwang Bismuth Industry Co., Ltd., R & D center of post-doctoral research station, Chenzhou 423000, China）
Abstract:The high impurity content of low grade complex material proposes great influence on bath smelting process parameters as well as product quality. The oxidation smelting of low-grade lead-bismuth materials and reduction smelting of the oxidized slag were studied experimentally. The effects of various factors on elements distribution behaviors in the smelting process was investigated. The results show that the optimum process conditions of oxidation smelting process are as follows: 200 L/kg oxygen to raw material, m(FeO)/m(SiO2) of 1.3, m(CaO)/m(SiO2) of 0.4. Under the optimum condition, the distribution ratios of Pb, Bi, Cu, Zn, As and Sb in the oxidized slag are 46.69%, 7.37%, 10.93%, 55.12%, 55.86% and 47.59%, respectively. At the reduction smelting step, the optimum smelting conditions are as follows: m(FeO)/m(SiO2) of 1.2, m(CaO)/m(SiO2) of 0.8, 1.3 times of the theoretical reducing coal consumption, reducing time 60 min. Under the optimum conditions, the direct recoveries of Pb, Bi, Cu, As and Sb can reach 93.34%, 99.60%, 49.58%, 84.38%, 49.31% and 87.25%, respectively.
Key words: lead; bismuth; low-grade complex material; bath smelting; element distribution
