(東北大學 冶金學院，沈陽，110819)
摘 要: 鉻渣是重要的工業(yè)固體廢物，具有極其嚴重的環(huán)境危害性，分離提取鉻的資源化利用是減少鉻渣環(huán)境污染和資源浪費的有效途徑。以1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸鹽離子液體([Omim][BF4])為萃取劑，戊醇為稀釋劑，對鉻渣酸浸液進行萃取和反萃取實驗。在萃取實驗過程中，分別考察萃取劑濃度、時間、pH等條件的影響作用。采用斜率法及紅外光譜分析進行了萃取機理研究，最后進行了反萃取實驗研究。結果表明：在萃取劑濃度ρ([Omim][BF4])=50.0 g/L、6.0 min、pH為1.408~2.006條件下， 的萃取率達到94.81%； [Omim][BF4]對 的萃取主要是根據(jù)軟硬酸堿理論通過離子締合形成萃合物達到較高的萃取率；在pH=10、反萃取劑為0.5 mol/L NaBr+0.5 mol/L (NH4)2SO3、15.0 min的條件下，鉻的反萃率達到99.35%。實現(xiàn)了鉻渣中鉻資源的分離提取。
關鍵字: [Omim][BF4]；鉻渣酸浸液； ；萃取
（School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China）
Abstract:Chromic slags are vital industrial solid wastes which possess extremely serious environmental perniciousness. Separating and extracting chromium is effective means to reduce its environmental pollution and resources waste. The extraction behavior of chromium from chromium slag acidic leaching solution with [Omim][BF4] dissolved in pentanol was studied as concentration of extractant, time, acidity, and so on. The results show that extraction rate of chromate can reach up to 94.81% under the conditions of [Omim][BF4] concentration of 50.0 g/L, shaking time of 6.0 min, pH of 1.408-2.006. The extraction mechanism results show that the extraction proceeds via ionic association based on HSAB to product adduct. The back-extraction rate of chromate can reach up to 99.35% under the conditions of pH=10, stripping agent 0.5 mol/L NaBr+0.5 mol/L (NH4)2SO3, shaking time 15.0 min. The purification of chromium from chromium slags is achieved.
Key words: [Omim][BF4]; chromium slag acidic leaching solution; ; extraction
