(中南大學 冶金與環(huán)境學院 長沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用低溫堿性一步熔煉處理分銀渣生產(chǎn)貴鉛合金，產(chǎn)出的堿浮渣再經(jīng)水浸獲得含錫、銻、砷溶液。考察了堿渣比、鹽渣比、碳粉加入量、熔煉溫度、熔煉時間對錫、銻、砷浸出率以及鉛、鉍回收率的影響。結(jié)果表明：熔煉過程的優(yōu)化條件為：堿渣比0.6，鹽渣比0.4，熔煉溫度600 ℃，熔煉時間6 h，碳粉加入量為20%。在此優(yōu)化條件下，錫、銻、砷浸出率分別為85.95%、93.06%和98.62%，鉛、鉍被還原為單質(zhì)捕集貴金屬形成貴鉛合金，回收率分別為93.17%和99.99%。本工藝流程短、試劑耗量少，實現(xiàn)了分銀渣中有價金屬的高效初步分離富集。
關(guān)鍵字: 分銀渣；熔煉；堿性；浸出率；回收率
（School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Processing of silver separated residue(SSR) by low temperature alkaline one-step smelting was adopted to produce precious lead alloy and obtained a solution of Sn, Sb, As followed by water leaching of alkaline slag. The effects of the mass ratio of alkali to SSR, the mass ratio of salt to SSR, smelting temperature, smelting time and addition of coke powder were determined on the leaching efficiencies of As, Sn and Sb, and the recovery rates of Pb and Bi. The results show that the optimum conditions of the process are determined as follows: the mass ratio of alkali to SSR is 0.6, the mass ratio of salt to SSR is 0.4, the smelting temperature is 600 ℃, the smelting time is 6 h and the content of coke powder is 20%. Under the optimum conditions, the leaching efficiencies of As, Sn and Sb reach 98.62%, 85.95% and 93.06%, respectively, while Pb and Bi are reduced to form precious lead alloy and the recovery rates of Pb and Bi reach 93.17% and 99.99%, respectively.This process provides a simple, highly effective way to seperate and extract precious metals.
Key words: silver separated residue; smelting; alkaline; leaching rate; recovery rate
