(1. 中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長沙 410083； 2. 中南大學(xué) 中國有色金屬工業(yè)清潔冶金工程研究中心，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用CFD商業(yè)軟件ANSYS Fluent中VOF多相流模型研究底吹氧氣底吹熔池熔煉過程中氣泡的生長行為，并研究單氣泡在水中的生長破裂行為；在此基礎(chǔ)上，再通過底吹爐熔池內(nèi)部單氧槍的縱切面進行二維數(shù)值模擬，分析了熔池內(nèi)部相分布、氣泡的形狀、生長頻率、直徑，以及變形、融合、破裂等過程。結(jié)果表明：水中的氣泡直徑越小、位置越深，停留時間越長。氧槍口處的初始氣泡直徑為400 mm左右，氣泡生成頻率約為4 Hz；穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下熔池內(nèi)部氣泡直徑分布符合Boltzmann函數(shù)分布，直徑為0~100 mm的氣泡數(shù)量占比80%左右；氣泡破裂時間比氣泡融合時間短，因此氣泡更容易破裂，氣泡融合后再破裂會攪拌熔體，加強傳質(zhì)傳熱效果。
關(guān)鍵字: 氧氣底吹；熔池熔煉；氣泡生長；氧槍；VOF模型；數(shù)值模擬；氣泡直徑
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; 2. Clean Metallurgical Research Center of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Based on the commercial CFD software ANSYS Fluent, the VOF model was adopted to study the bubble growth behavior in the process of bottom blowing oxygen. A single bubble was simulated to study the growth and fracture behavior of in the water, and it is found that the resident time of bubble is longer with smaller diameter and deeper position. It provides theoretical guidance for the rising and deformation of bubbles in melt. Again to respectively study the cross section of single lance with the methods of two-dimensional numerical simulation. Also, the phase fraction, the bubble shape, growth frequency and diameter, including the bubble deformation, integration, and rupture process were analyzed. By the researches, the diameter of the initial bubble oxygen gun is about 400 mm in the outlet of oxygen lances, and frequency of the bubble generated is about 4 Hz. The distribution of bubble diameter conforms to the Boltzmann distribution function inside the molten bath under the steady state, bubble ranging from 0 to 100 mm accounts for about 80%. The time of bubble breakdown is shorter than that of bubble fusion, so bubble breakdown fusion is easier. Bubble breakdown can strengthen the melt mixing and enhance effect of mass transfer and heat transfer.
Key words: oxygen bottom blowing; bath smelting; bubble growth; oxygen lance; VOF model; numerical simulation; diameter of bubble
