(西南交通大學 牽引動力國家重點實驗室 摩擦學研究所，成都 610031)
摘 要: 選用兩種典型的電接觸材料(鎳、紫銅)進行從室溫到高溫下(室溫~300 ℃)以及10 N載荷的電接觸微動試驗，采用3D形貌儀和SEM對磨痕形貌進行分析。結果表明：溫度對接觸電阻的影響顯著。在室溫環(huán)境下，兩種材料的接觸電阻均處在一個穩(wěn)定的值；隨著溫度的上升(室溫~100 ℃)，鎳的接觸電阻急劇上升，而銅的接觸電阻相對穩(wěn)定，隨著溫度上升至300 ℃，兩種材料的接觸電阻均發(fā)生劇烈變化。接觸區(qū)域的氧化磨屑生成和堆積是導致接觸電阻急劇上升的主要原因。
關鍵字: 微動；接觸電阻；接觸斑點；溫度；電接觸
（Tribology Research Institute, Traction Powder State Key Laboratory, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China）
Abstract:The fretting wear behavior of two typical materials (nickel and red copper) and contacts at elevated temperatures (from RT to 300 ℃) and normal loads (10 N) is addressed. The morphology and wear surface was analyzed by 3D profile and SEM. The results show that elevated temperature significantly affected the contact resistance. At room temperature (RT), electrical contact resistance (ECR) remains stable of two materials for several thousand fretting cycles. With the increase of temperature (from RT to 100 ℃), the ECR of red copper seems stable under elevated temperature, while the ECR of nickel is easily affected by elevated temperature. The ECR of two contacts rises sharply under 300 ℃. Oxide debris accumulation at the contact areas is the key of rising and fluctuating ECR under electrical contact fretting wear.
Key words: fretting; contact resistance; contact spot; temperature; electric contact
