(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 新材料技術(shù)研究院，材料先進(jìn)制備技術(shù)教育部重點實驗室，北京 100083； 2. 北京科技大學(xué) 現(xiàn)代交通金屬材料與加工技術(shù)北京實驗室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 采用金屬包覆材料反向凝固成形工藝制備外徑為8.5 mm、芯材為d 2.12 mm×7 mm絞線的黃銅包覆純銅絞線復(fù)合材料，研究制備參數(shù)對黃銅包覆純銅絞線復(fù)合材料的表面質(zhì)量、包覆層金屬填充狀態(tài)和界面結(jié)合狀態(tài)的影響。結(jié)果表明：較高的復(fù)合腔黃銅熔體溫度和較低的牽引速度，有利于防止復(fù)合材料表面缺陷的產(chǎn)生，改善表面質(zhì)量；而較低的復(fù)合腔黃銅熔體溫度和較高的牽引速度，有利于降低復(fù)合界面銅、鋅原子的擴(kuò)散和界面反應(yīng)速率，有效減小銅絞線表面熔蝕程度。在復(fù)合腔中黃銅熔體與絞線的接觸長度3mm、復(fù)合腔黃銅熔體溫度1000~1020 ℃、牽引速度60~90 mm/min、結(jié)晶器冷卻水流量400 L/h的條件下，制備具有良好表面質(zhì)量和冶金結(jié)合界面的黃銅包覆純銅絞線復(fù)合材料，黃銅包覆層的填充率達(dá)98%以上，抗拉強(qiáng)度為250~278 MPa，斷后伸長率為39.1%~43.1%，電導(dǎo)率為53.1%~57.3% IACS。
關(guān)鍵字: 黃銅包覆純銅絞線復(fù)合材料；反向凝固；界面；性能
（1. Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:A new inversion solidification technology for producing metal cladding material was used to produce brass cladding copper stranded wire with an outer diameter of 8.5 mm and a core material of d 2.12 mm×7 mm copper stranded wire. The influences of preparing parameters on the surface quality, filling state and interface bonding state of the brass cladding copper stranded wire were studied. The results show that the surface defects of the brass cladding copper stranded wire are eliminated and the surface quality is improved by enhancing the brass melt temperature in the composite cavity or decreasing the casting speed. On the other hand, decreasing the brass melt temperature or increasing the casting speed can reduce both the diffusions of copper atom and zinc atom as well as the interfacial reaction rate, which can suppress surface erosion of the copper stranded wire effectively. With the contact height of 3 mm between the brass melt and the core material, the brass melt temperature of 1000 ℃, the casting speed of 60-90 mm/min and the cooling water flow of 400 L/h, the produced brass cladding copper stranded wire has high surface quality, good metallurgical bonding interface, cladding layer filling rate of more than 98%，tensile strength of 250-278 MPa, elongation to failure of 39.1%-43.1% and electrical conductivity of 53.1%-57.3% IACS.
Key words: brass cladding copper stranded wire; inversion solidification; interface; property
