(1. 湘潭大學 環(huán)境與資源學院，湘潭 411105； 2. 湘潭大學 化工學院，湘潭 411105)
摘 要: 針對一種鉈(Tl)品位為48.75 g/t的含Tl方鉛礦精礦，分別采用直接酸浸、次氯酸鈉氧化-酸浸、堿式氧化-酸浸的方法，進行精礦脫Tl工藝研究。考查了礦漿濃度、次氯酸鈉氧化時間、堿式氧化時間、充氣速率、硫酸用量、浸出溫度、浸出時間等因素對Tl去除率的影響。結(jié)果表明：采用直接酸浸和次氯酸鈉氧化-酸浸工藝，脫Tl效果不佳，Tl去除率分別為17.9%和33.1%。采用堿性氧化-酸浸脫Tl工藝，脫Tl效果良好，當工藝條件為：充氣速率為1.25 L/min，礦漿濃度20%，氧化溫度為50 ℃，氧化時間32 h；浸出體系H2SO4用量12%，浸出溫度40 ℃，浸出時間3.5 h，Tl去除率可達到83.4%，脫Tl鉛精礦Pb品位為61.9%，Pb回收率為96.9%。脫Tl后的鉛精礦中Tl的品位為8.05 g/t，符合鉛冶煉企業(yè)的要求。
關(guān)鍵字: 鉈；方鉛礦；精礦；氧化；浸出
（1. College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China; 2. College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China）
Abstract:To remove Tl from a galena concentrate with a Tl grade of 48.75 g/t, some processes such as direct acid leaching, sodium hypochlorite oxidation-acid leaching and basic oxidation -acid leaching, were investigated, and the effects of inflation rate, pulp density, sodium hypochlorite oxidation time, basic oxidation time, dosage of sulfuric acid, leaching temperature and leaching time on the Tl removal efficiency were studied. The experiment results show that the Tl removal efficiencies are only 17.9% and 33.1% by direct acid leaching process and sodium hypochlorite oxidation-acid leaching process, respectively. However, through basic oxidation-acid leaching process, the Tl removal efficiency can reach up to 83.4% under the condition of inflation rate 1.25 L/min, pulp concentration 20%, oxidation temperature 50 ℃, basic oxidation 32 h, dosage of sulfuric acid 12%, leaching temperature 40 ℃ and leaching time 3.5 h. The thallium grade in thallium removed sulfide concentrates is 8.05 g/t, the grade and recovery of lead are 61.9% and 96.9%, respectively, which meet the requirements of lead smelting enterprises.
Key words: thallium; galena; concentrate; oxidation; leaching
