(昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金與能源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 以次氧化鋅酸性浸出液為原料，采用兩段溶劑萃取的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)銦與其他金屬離子的有效分離，并循環(huán)利用工藝過程中使用的鹽酸，減少氯離子的排放。研究采用P204從浸出液中萃取、鹽酸反萃銦的行為，以及采用TBP/P350混合萃取劑從P204載銦有機(jī)相鹽酸反萃液中選擇性萃取銦、水反萃等過程中銦的行為，考察萃取劑濃度、混合時(shí)間、酸濃度和相比等因素對銦萃取率和反萃率的影響。結(jié)果表明：采用10%P204(體積分?jǐn)?shù))在相比(A/O)為2/1的條件下，經(jīng)過2級(jí)逆流萃取，浸出液中99% 銦被萃取，得到的P204載銦有機(jī)相采用6 mol/L鹽酸反萃，銦反萃率達(dá)100%。得到的含銦鹽酸反萃液再采用TBP/P350選擇性萃取銦，在相比為3/2條件下，經(jīng)過2級(jí)逆流萃取，銦萃取率為99%，得到的載銦有機(jī)相采用純凈水進(jìn)行3級(jí)逆流反萃，銦被反萃完全。與傳統(tǒng)工藝相比，氯離子排放量減少86%。基于上述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，提出從次氧化鋅酸性浸出液中萃取分離銦的工藝流程，在實(shí)現(xiàn)銦高效回收的同時(shí)，降低氯離子的排放，達(dá)到資源高效利用和減少污染物排放的目的。
關(guān)鍵字: 次氧化鋅酸性浸出液；銦；萃取；載銦有機(jī)相
（Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:The two stages solvent extraction of indium from the zinc oxide leaching solution was studied to separate indium, recycle used wasted HCl and reduce the chloride ion discharge. The extraction and stripping of indium with P204 and TBP/P350 were studied under different parameters, such as the concentration of extractant, contact time, acidity and ratio of aqueous and organic phase. The results indicate that 99% indium is extracted by 10% P204 (volume fraction) with two stages at A/O ratio of 2/1. Indium in the P204 loaded organic is effectively stripped by 6 mol/L HCl. The 99% of indium in the P204 loaded organic stripping solution is selective extracted by TBP/P350 with two countercurrent extraction stages at A/O ratio of 3/2. Then, indium in the TBP/P350 loaded organic is stripped by water with three countercurrent stripping stages. Comparing to traditional processes, more than 86% of chloride ion is reduced. Based on this study, a new flow sheet for extraction of indium from the zinc oxide leaching solution was presented, which achieves the purpose of efficient utilization of indium resources as well as reducing chloride pollution emission. By this process, more than 98% of indium is efficiently extracted, at the same time, over 86% of chloride ion is reduced.
Key words: zinc oxide leaching solution; indium; solvent extraction; indium loaded organic phase
