(1. 南華大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院，衡陽 421001； 2. 國(guó)防科技大學(xué) 航天科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410073)
摘 要: 簡(jiǎn)單介紹反應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)材料(Reactive material structures, RMS)的概念、種類、應(yīng)用、能量特性、力學(xué)性能要求以及應(yīng)用時(shí)存在的主要困難，概述近些年來國(guó)內(nèi)外研究者對(duì)RMS開展的研究工作，重點(diǎn)介紹了RMS的常用制備技術(shù)及其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方面的研究狀況。通過分析材料制備技術(shù)的特點(diǎn)、致密化原理和強(qiáng)化機(jī)制，并結(jié)合RMS的反應(yīng)特性，對(duì)比分析了各種RMS制備技術(shù)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，指出它們的適用范圍和應(yīng)用前景，為RMS制備技術(shù)選擇提供參考。指出組元多元化、新材料體系開發(fā)、強(qiáng)化機(jī)制研究、低溫致密化和可控塑性變形強(qiáng)化技術(shù)開發(fā)、大型復(fù)雜樣件制備技術(shù)開發(fā)、組織結(jié)構(gòu)和復(fù)合方式優(yōu)化是RMS及其制備技術(shù)的主要發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。
關(guān)鍵字: 反應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)材料；熱反應(yīng)；制備技術(shù)；鋁熱劑；金屬間化合物型復(fù)合材料
（1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; 2. College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China）
Abstract:The concept, kind, application, energetic characteristics, mechanical requirement, and the main difficulties in the application process of reactive material structures (RMS) were briefly introduced. And the research works on RMS at home and abroad were briefly summarized. The research status of common preparation technology and structural design of RMS were emphatically reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of RMS preparation technologies were compared and analyzed. And the application range and prospect of each kind of preparation technology were pointed out by analyzing the characteristics, densification principle and strengthening mechanism of the preparation technology, combined with the reaction characteristics of RMS. Those would provide a reference for the choice of preparation technology of RMS. It is pointed out that the diversification of components, development of new materials system, research of strengthening mechanism, development of low temperature densification and controllable plastic deformation strengthening technology, development of large complex sample preparation technology, optimization of structure and combination mode are the main development tendencies of RMS and its preparation technology.
Key words: reactive structural materials; thermal reaction; preparation technology; thermite; intermetallic compound composite
