(北京科技大學 冶金與生態(tài)工程學院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 以低冰鎳為研究對象，采用FeCl3-HCl溶液體系高效浸提目標金屬Ni、Cu、Co，系統(tǒng)地研究FeCl3溶液的濃度、鹽酸溶液的濃度、浸出溫度和時間對Ni、Cu、Co浸出率的影響，并對Ni的浸出動力學進行探討。結果表明：在最優(yōu)浸出條件下，即FeCl3溶液的濃度為1.0 mol/L、鹽酸溶液的濃度為0.5 mol/L、浸出溫度90 ℃、浸出時間7 h時，Ni、Cu、Co浸出率分別達到98.4%、98.9%和97.3%。當溫度為60~90 ℃時，Ni的浸出反應符合未反應核收縮模型，代入動力學方程分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)，Ni浸出反應過程是界面化學反應控速，表觀活化能為38.4 kJ/mol。
關鍵字: 低冰鎳；FeCl3-HCl溶液體系；浸出；Ni；Cu；Co；動力學
（School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:The extraction of Ni, Cu and Co with high leaching efficiencies from the low nickel matte in FeCl3-HCl solution was investigated. The effects of FeCl3 concentration, hydrochloric acid concentration, leaching temperature and time on the leaching rates of Ni, Cu and Co were systematically investigated. The results show that leaching rates of Ni, Cu and Co are 98.4%, 98.9% and 97.3%, respectively, under the optimal conditions (FeCl3 concentration: 1.0 mol/L, hydrochloric acid concentration: 0.5 mol/L, leaching temperature: 90 ℃, leaching time: 7 h). The leaching process follows the shrink-core model at the temperature of 60~90 ℃ and through kinetic analysis, the leaching efficiency of Ni is controlled by the interface chemical reaction, and the apparent activation energy is 38.4 kJ/mol.
Key words: low nickel matte; FeCl3-HCl solution; leaching; Ni; Cu; Co; kinetics
