(中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 以工業(yè)實踐的底吹煉鉛爐為對象，在爐內(nèi)渣相和金屬相的物性參數(shù)測定的基礎(chǔ)上，利用FLUENT軟件平臺，建立一個與實際體系一致的底吹煉鉛爐模型，并耦合VOF三相流模型和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)κ-ε湍流模型對底吹煉鉛爐內(nèi)氣-渣-金屬三相流動過程進行模擬。通過分析數(shù)值模擬的相界面結(jié)構(gòu)、速度場分布、流線分布結(jié)果，發(fā)現(xiàn)氧槍上方區(qū)域攪動劇烈，渣層中存在渦流，強化了傳遞和反應(yīng)過程。另外，所建立的模型在優(yōu)化底吹爐爐體結(jié)構(gòu)和改善運行條件方面有著重要作用，經(jīng)過分析不同條件下爐內(nèi)流體流動形態(tài)，能有效地引導(dǎo)完善底吹煉鉛爐工況。對入口流速和噴槍傾角的優(yōu)化討論中，發(fā)現(xiàn)增大入口流速能提高熔煉效果，最佳噴槍傾角為5°~7°。
關(guān)鍵字: 底吹爐；多相流；FLUENT；結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化
（School of Metallurgy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Based on the material properties of furnace slag phase and metal phase, a mathematical model for the actual system of bottom-blowing lead smelting furnace was built by computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT. Three-phase VOF model and standard k-ε turbulence model were applied to simulate the gas-slag-metal phase flow process in the furnace. Phase interface structure, velocity distribution and streamline distribution were obtained by this model. Strong stirring and vortex slag layer were found in the upper area of the tuyere which benefits chemical reactions. The proposed model that simulates the multi-phase flow in the furnace is significant for furnace structure and operating conditions optimization. The analysis of flow patterns under different conditions can effectively guide the improvement of bottom blowing furnace working conditions. In the optimization of inlet velocity and lance inclination angle, it is found that increasing inlet velocity can improve the melting efficiency, and the best lance inclination range is from 5° to 7°.
Key words: bottom blowing furnace; multiphase flow; FLUENT; structure optimization
