(北京科技大學(xué) 土木與資源工程學(xué)院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 主要進(jìn)行鐵質(zhì)紅土鎳礦和鎂質(zhì)紅土鎳礦的直接還原-磁選工藝的對比研究。結(jié)果表明：在不使用添加劑的情況下，鐵質(zhì)試樣中的鎳比較容易還原和回收，鎳回收率能達(dá)到90%，但鎳品位較低。鎂質(zhì)試樣中的鎳較難回收，鎳的品位和回收率都不理想，鎳回收率只有45%左右。進(jìn)一步試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，硫酸鈉可作為鐵質(zhì)試樣的理想添加劑，但對鎂質(zhì)試樣作用效果不佳。氟化鈣對鎂質(zhì)試樣作用效果顯著，但對鐵質(zhì)試樣作用效果不明顯。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，兩種試樣鎳的賦存狀態(tài)、鐵元素含量以及還原所得金屬顆粒大小的差異是造成上述差別的主要原因。
關(guān)鍵字: 鐵質(zhì)紅土鎳礦；鎂質(zhì)紅土鎳礦；直接還原；磁選
（School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:A contrast study was carried out on the direct reduction-magnetic separation process between ferruginous laterite ore and magnesian laterite ore. The result shows that nickel in ferruginous laterite ore is easier to be reduced and recovered without adding additives. The nickel recovery rate can reach 90%, but nickel grade is low. The nickel in magnesian laterite ore is harder to be reduced and recovered without adding additives. Both nickel grade and recovery rate are not ideal. The nickel recovery rate just can reach 45%. Sodium sulfate can be used as an ideal additive for ferruginous laterite ore sample, while which is not suitable for magnesian laterite ore. The effect of calcium fluoride on magnesian laterite ore is remarkable, but it is not obvious for ferruginous laterite ore. It is found that nickel existing state, the iron content as well as the metal particle size obtained by reduction are the main reasons for above differences between the two kinds of ores.
Key words: ferruginous laterite ore; magnesian laterite ore; direct reduction; magnetic separation
