(中南大學(xué) 資源與安全工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 以某鉛鋅銀礦全尾砂沉降試驗(yàn)為例，分析添加不同絮凝劑單耗時(shí)，全尾砂漿渾液面沉速的變化規(guī)律，旨在探究3個(gè)不同沉降階段的機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明：隨添加相對分子質(zhì)量為8×106的陰離子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)單耗的增加，1 min內(nèi)全尾砂漿的渾液面沉速先增加后減小；在加速自由沉降段，游離的“細(xì)”顆粒尾砂及過多的絮團(tuán)水影響了渾液面沉速；在干涉沉降段，空間位阻效應(yīng)導(dǎo)致的尾砂顆粒間互相排斥降低了渾液面沉速；在壓縮沉降段，孔隙水減少及絮團(tuán)水增加改變界面沉速；絮凝劑單耗0、10、20、30和40 g/t分別表示無、低、合理、高和超量。
關(guān)鍵字: APAM；全尾砂；絮凝體；沉速；作用機(jī)理
（School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Taking sedimentation tests of all tailings of a Pb-Zn-Ag mine as an example, change laws of interface sedimentation velocity of added different unit consumptions of flocculants were analyzed, which was in order to explore mechanism of three different sedimentation periods. The results show that interface sedimentation velocity of unclassified tailings slurry firstly increases and then decreases in one minute, as the increase of added anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) whose relative molecular weight is 8×106. At the accelerating and free sedimentation period, interface sedimentation velocity is influenced by dissociative fine particle tailings and more flocculent water. At the interfering sedimentation period, interface sedimentation velocity is decreased by repulsive force between tailing particles, which is caused by steric effect. At the compressing sedimentation period, interface sedimentation velocity is changed by reducing void water and adding flocculent water. The unit consumptions of flocculants 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 g/t, represent no, low, reasonable, high and excess, respectively.
Key words: APAM; unclassified tailings; flocs; sedimentation velocity; action mechanism
