(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 金屬礦山高效開采與安全教育部重點實驗室，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大學(xué) 土木與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 在離子型稀土原地浸礦過程中，溶浸液入滲水頭的合理確定有利于減少入滲時間和提高浸出率。基于Green-Ampt土壤入滲模型，通過離子型稀土變水頭入滲試驗，建立入滲率與入滲水頭和濕潤峰深度以及滲流時間與累積入滲量和入滲水頭之間的關(guān)系，并對兩關(guān)系式進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明：離子型稀土原地浸出注液井積水入滲時，入滲水頭并非越高越好，隨著入滲水頭的增加，入滲率呈先增大后減小的趨勢，存在最優(yōu)入滲水頭；對贛南某離子型稀土進(jìn)行柱浸試驗，得到的最優(yōu)入滲水頭為26.69 cm；入滲界面的入滲率一定程度上決定溶液在礦體內(nèi)的滲透效果。
關(guān)鍵字: 離子型稀土；柱浸；Green-Ampt模型；入滲
（1. Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:During the in-situ leaching process of ion-absorbed rare earth, the rational determination of infiltration head is helpful for reducing infiltration time and enhancing leaching efficiency. With Green-Ampt soil infiltration model and infiltration experiment on variation of water head of ion-absorbed rare earth, the relationships between infiltration rate, infiltration head and depth of wetting front, and the relationships between infiltration time, cumulative infiltrated water volume and infiltration head were established. The results show that infiltration head of leaching solution is not the higher the better. With the increasing of infiltration head, the infiltrate rate presents a tendency of increasing and then decreasing. There is an optimized infiltration head. Conducting a column leaching experiment on the ion-adsorption type rare earth source from Gan Nan, its optimized infiltration head is 26.69 cm. The infiltrate rate of interface determines the infiltration effect of the solution in a certain range.
Key words: ion-absorbed rare earth; column leaching; Green-Ampt model; infiltration
