(1. 南京林業(yè)大學(xué) 化學(xué)工程學(xué)院，南京 210037；
2. 南京工程學(xué)院 材料工程學(xué)院，南京 211167)
摘 要: 對比鹽酸、硫酸、硝酸和草酸等幾種常規(guī)酸對廢棄脫硝催化劑活性組分五氧化二釩(V2O5)的提取效果，并考察酸的種類、濃度以及提釩溫度對提釩效果的影響。結(jié)果表明：鹽酸的提釩效果最佳，可將V2O5含量降至0.191%(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))，幾種酸的提釩效果由大到小的順序依次為鹽酸、草酸、硫酸、硝酸。其次，硫酸的濃度對其提釩量影響最大，濃硫酸的效果是稀硫酸的2.8倍；而處理溫度則對草酸的提釩效果影響最為顯著，室溫下草酸較高溫少提取58.4%的V2O5。Uv-vis結(jié)果顯示：V2O5經(jīng)鹽酸、硫酸以及草酸提取后，在浸漬液中出現(xiàn)(VO)2+的低價釩離子，這有利于提升酸的提釩效果。此外，酸處理對樣品的比表面積影響較為顯著，經(jīng)濃草酸處理比表面積可恢復(fù)至60.8 m2/g，相比原有廢棄催化劑的提升39.6%。
關(guān)鍵字: 脫硝催化劑；酸；提釩；(VO)2+
（1. College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
2. College of Material Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China）
Abstract:The effects of HCl, H2SO4, HNO3 and oxalic acid (H2C2O4) on the V2O5 extraction of waste deNOx catalyst were studied. The type of acid, acid concentration and treat temperature also have remarkable impacts on the effect reduce from high to low of reactant. The results show that V2O5 content can be reduced to 0.191% (mass fraction) with HCl treated. The order is HCl, H2C2O4, H2SO4 and HNO3. In addition, the V2O5 extraction performance of catalyst is susceptible to the concentration and temperature changes. The concentrated H2SO4 has 2.8 times V2O5 extraction performance than diluted one. Furthermore, the V2O5 extraction capability of H2C2O4 is decreased by 58.4% as temperature drops. Uv-vis results show that, V2O5 can be transformed into (VO)2+ ions by impregnating samples with HCl, H2SO4 and H2C2O4. The specific surface area can also be recovered to 60.8 m2/g after H2C2O4 extraction, with 39.6% increase compared with waste deNOx catalyst.
Key words: waste deNOx catalyst; acid; vanadium extraction; (VO)2+
