(南昌航空大學(xué) 環(huán)境與化學(xué)工程學(xué)院，南昌 330036)
摘 要: 介紹二進料口分餾萃取理論的核心內(nèi)容，包括各段級數(shù)的計算方法等。與傳統(tǒng)分餾萃取相比較，二進料口的化工試劑消耗下降且其降幅隨進料比增加而增大，當(dāng)進料比為1時，洗酸的消耗下降了50%。采用動態(tài)模擬法研究二進料口分餾萃取體系的產(chǎn)品純度變化、各段積累量和級樣分布的特性。研究表明：二進料口分餾萃取體系的2個產(chǎn)品均能夠較快地達到純度設(shè)計指標，即更容易同時獲得2個高純產(chǎn)品，是制備高純產(chǎn)品的良好技術(shù)方法。在二進料口分餾萃取體系中，組分在萃取段和洗滌段的積累只需較少的萃取排數(shù)即可直接進入穩(wěn)態(tài)；但是，當(dāng)萃取排數(shù)較低時組分在萃洗段的積累則先進入假穩(wěn)態(tài)，當(dāng)萃取排數(shù)較高時才真正進入穩(wěn)態(tài)。二進料口分餾萃取穩(wěn)態(tài)的級樣分布遵循遞增規(guī)則和遞減規(guī)則，而且每條分布曲線分別在每個進料級均各有一個轉(zhuǎn)折點。
關(guān)鍵字: 分餾萃取；二進料口；動態(tài)特性；計算機模擬
（School of Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China）
Abstract:The essential contents of the proposed theory including the calculation of extraction stage numbers of the fractional extraction system with two inlets were introduced. Compared with traditional fractional extraction, the chemical consumption of the novel fractional extraction with two inlets decreases significantly, and the decreasing amplitude amplifies as the feed ratio increases. For example, when the feed ratio is 1, the scrubbing acid consumption drops by 50%. The variation of product purities, component accumulation in each section and component distribution in each extraction stage were investigated by dynamic simulation on a computer. The results indicate that the two products attain respective desired purities using fractional extraction with two inlets are much faster than those using traditional fractional extraction. Hence, the novel extraction system is a superior technology to prepare two high purity products at same time. In a fractional extraction system with two inlets, the component accumulation both in extraction section and scrubbing section enter into steady state directly with less extraction row number. In addition, the component accumulation in extract-scrubbing section access into pseudo steady state with less extraction row number first and then into genuine steady state with much more extraction row number. The component distribution in each extraction stage of the fractional extraction system with two inlets follows the increasing rule and decreasing rule. Moreover, two turning points appear in each distribution curve at the two feed stages, respectively.
Key words: fractional extraction; two inlets; dynamic characteristics; computer simulation
