(昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金與能源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 研究Mextral54-100(HA)和Mextral54-100+TRPO(HA+TRPO)兩種萃取體系從氨-硫酸銨溶液中萃取分離鋅鎳的性能，確定鋅鎳分離的最佳工藝。結(jié)果表明：HA萃取體系在初始pH為9.0時(shí)對(duì)鎳具有較高的選擇性萃取能力，而HA+TRPO萃取體系在初始pH為7.2時(shí)對(duì)鋅具有較高的選擇性萃取能力。綜合考慮，宜先采用HA體系萃取鎳，然后采用HA+TRPO體系萃取鋅。對(duì)于鎳的萃取，在萃取體系為0.5 mol/L HA、溫度為25 ℃、初始pH為9.0和相比(O/A)為1:1的條件下，經(jīng)4級(jí)萃取，鎳的萃取率為98.5%，鋅的共萃率小于6%；對(duì)含鎳2.01 g/L的鎳負(fù)載有機(jī)相，經(jīng)2級(jí)反萃，鎳反萃率為99.8%。對(duì)于鋅的萃取，在萃取體系為0.4 mol/L HA+0.05 mol/L TRPO、溫度為25 ℃、初始pH為7.2和O/A為1:1的條件下，經(jīng)2級(jí)萃取，鋅萃取率為99.8%；對(duì)含鋅3.12 g/L的鋅負(fù)載有機(jī)相，經(jīng)2級(jí)反萃，鋅反萃率為99.9%。通過(guò)采用不同的萃取體系和選擇合適的萃取條件，獲得氨-硫酸銨溶液中萃取分離鋅和鎳的最佳工藝流程和技術(shù)參數(shù)。
關(guān)鍵字: 溶劑萃取；β-二酮；氨性溶液；鋅鎳分離
（Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:The performances of extraction systems, Mextral54-100 (HA) and Mextral54-100+TRPO (HA+TRPO) on extraction and separation of zinc and nickel from ammoniacal-ammonium sulfate solutions were investigated, and the optimal process of zinc-nickel separation was determined. The results show that high selective extractability of nickel is obtained with HA extraction system at initial pH 9.0, while high selective extractability of zinc is achieved with HA+TRPO extraction system at initial pH 7.2. After comprehensive consideration, it is supposed to extract nickel with HA system firstly, and then extract zinc with HA+TRPO system. In regard to extraction of nickel, the extraction rate of nickel is 98.5% with four extraction stages under the conditions of 0.5mol/L HA extraction system, 25 ℃, initial pH of 9.0 and phase ratio (O/A) of 1:1, while the extraction ratio of zinc is less than 6% under the same conditions. For loaded organic phase containing 2.01 g/L nickel, the stripping rate of nickel reaches 99.8% with two stripping stages. For extraction of zinc, the extraction rate of zinc reaches 99.8% with two extraction stages under the conditions of 0.4 mol/L HA + 0.05 mol/L TRPO extraction system, 25 ℃, initial pH of 7.2, and phase ratio (O/A) of 1:1. For loaded organic phase containing 3.12 g/L zinc, the stripping rate of zinc is 99.8% with two stripping stages. By means of employing different extraction systems and selecting the appropriate extraction conditions, the best technical process and parameters for extraction and separation of zinc and nickel from ammoniacal/ammonium sulfate solutions were acquired.
Key words: solvent extraction; β-diketone; ammoniacal solution; zinc-nickel separation
