(1. 華中科技大學 力學系，武漢 430074；
2. 貴陽鋁鎂設計研究院有限公司，貴陽 550081)
摘 要: 利用ANSYS Workbench仿真平臺建立鋁電解槽熱應力-鈉膨脹耦合計算的有限元模型，提出利用非穩(wěn)態(tài)質(zhì)量擴散和瞬態(tài)熱傳導的相似性模擬鈉擴散的方法，得到了鈉在陰極炭塊中的濃度分布。根據(jù)鈉濃度的分布將鈉膨脹系數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化為熱膨脹系數(shù)，實現(xiàn)鈉膨脹和熱膨脹的間接耦合，模型還考慮鋼的塑性變形和摩擦接觸，計算結果與實際情況吻合較好。
關鍵字: 鋁電解槽；鈉擴散；熱應力；鈉膨脹；有限元
（1. Faculty of Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
2. Guiyang Aluminum-Magnesium Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550081, China）
Abstract:The finite element model of the thermal stress and sodium expansion coupling in the aluminum reduction cell was established by using workbench ANSYS simulation platform. The sodium diffusion of the cathode carbon block was obtained by using the similarity between non steady state mass diffusion and the transient heat conduction. The sodium expansion coefficient was converted into the thermal expansion coefficient according to the distribution of sodium concentration, which can realize the indirect coupling between sodium expansion and thermal expansion. The plastic deformation and friction contact of steel were considered, the calculation results agree well with the actual situation.
Key words: aluminum reduction cell; sodium diffusion; thermal stress; sodium expansion; finite element method
