(1. 西安科技大學(xué) 應(yīng)用物理系，西安 710054；
2. 西北工業(yè)大學(xué) 應(yīng)用物理系，西安 710129)
摘 要: 超疏表面通常采用低表面能和微納米結(jié)構(gòu)相結(jié)合的方法來進(jìn)行構(gòu)建。利用含有硫酸銅與硫酸的水溶液，通過電沉積方法制備微納尺寸的銅枝晶結(jié)構(gòu)，然后通過十四酸的無水乙醇溶液修飾晾干后，制備出陰極超疏水表面。采用傅里葉紅外光譜(FTIR)、掃描電鏡(SEM)、X射線(XRD)、接觸角測量儀等測試所制備表面的表面結(jié)構(gòu)、化學(xué)組成和超疏特性。結(jié)果表明：制備超疏表面所需的最短時(shí)間僅為20 s，最大的接觸角為166°，滾動(dòng)角小于2°；超疏表面由具有致密、規(guī)則的銅枝晶結(jié)構(gòu)組成。這種制備超疏表面的方法快速、簡單、易操作及成本低，所制得的超疏表面也易修復(fù)，具有較大的工業(yè)應(yīng)用前景。
關(guān)鍵字: 超疏表面；電沉積；銅枝晶；微納米結(jié)構(gòu)；接觸角
（1. Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China;
2. Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China）
Abstract:The superhydrophobic property is believed to be governed by low surface energy materials and surface geometrical micro/nano structures. Micro/nano structure of copper dendrite was prepared in an aqueous ethanol electrolyte containing copper sulfate (CuSO4·5H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) by a rapid electrodepositing process, and then it was modified by ethanol solution of myristic acid. Finally, the cathodic superhydrophobic surface was obtained. Morphological features, chemical composition and superhydrophobicity of these superhydrophobic surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results demonstrate that the micro/nano scales structure is composed of copper dendrite. The maximum contact angle is about 166？, rolling angle is less than 2？ and the needed shortest electrolysis time is about 20 s. This method is rapid, facile, simple, and cheap, and has an extensive prospect for the industrial applications.
Key words: superhydrophobic surface; electrodeposition; copper dendrite; micro/nano structure; contact angle
