(中南大學(xué) 資源與生物工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 通過(guò)純礦物試驗(yàn)研究油酸鈉為捕收劑體系中異極礦的浮選行為。結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)油酸鈉用量為3×10-4 mol/L、pH值為4~8和11時(shí)，異極礦浮選回收率均在80%左右。Zeta電位及紅外光譜測(cè)試結(jié)果表明:油酸鈉在異極礦表面主要發(fā)生化學(xué)吸附，同時(shí)也可能存在物理吸附。根據(jù)油酸鈉溶液和鋅離子水解組分含量化學(xué)計(jì)算，當(dāng)pH值為4~8時(shí)，油酸鈉溶液的優(yōu)勢(shì)組分為RCOO-和(RCOO)22-;而異極礦表面鋅離子主要以Zn2+和少量ZnOH+形式存在。結(jié)合異極礦在油酸鈉捕收劑體系中的浮選行為，油酸鈉在異極礦表面的相互作用原理是異極礦表面Zn2+和羥基絡(luò)合物Zn(OH)+成為浮選的活性質(zhì)點(diǎn)，能與油酸鈉作用形成油酸鹽，從而使異極礦疏水上浮;RCOOH(aq)分子和離子-分子締合物RCOOH·RCOO-的物理吸附也可能存在;而在pH為11時(shí)礦物可浮性較好，可能是油酸根離子與礦物表面的形成Zn(OH)2發(fā)生離子交換。
關(guān)鍵字: 異極礦;油酸鈉;浮選
（School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The flotation behavior of hemimorphite using sodium oleate as collector was studied through pure mineral test. When the dosage of sodium oleate is 3×10-4 mol/L, and pH of the pulp is set as 4-8, the flotation recovery rate of hemimorphite is all about 80%. Zeta potential and IR spectra results show that the chemical adsorption mainly occurs on the surface of hemimorphite for sodium oleate. Based on the results of solution chemistry calculation of sodium oleate and ratio of hydroxyl Zn2+, RCOO- and (RCOO)22- are the main compositions when the pH of the pulp is from 6 to 8, Zn2+ and ZnOH+ are the major components of the hydroxyl compound of Zn2+ on the surface of hemimorphite. Combined with the results of hemimorphite flotation behavior, the surface interaction mechanism of hemimorphite with sodium oleate is as follows:Zn2+ and ZnOH+ on hemimorphite surface are activated adsorption sites and able to chemically react with sodium oleate. Besides, physical adsorption of RCOOH(aq) and RCOOH·RCOO- on rutile may also happen. The flotation recovery of hemimorphite around pH of 11 may be attributed to interaction between RCOO- and zinc on the hemimorphite surface and can be assumed that the adsorption of sodium oleate takes place by an ion exchange mechanism.
Key words: hemimorphite; sodium oleate; flotation
