(北京航空航天大學(xué)機(jī)械工程及自動化學(xué)院 航空宇航制造工程系，北京100191)
摘 要: 通過數(shù)值模擬和熱等靜壓實驗，研究包套在鋁合金粉末熱等靜壓成形過程的屏蔽效應(yīng)及其對性能的影響，建立包套對等靜壓力屏蔽效應(yīng)的關(guān)系公式。結(jié)果表明：包套對等靜壓力的屏蔽效應(yīng)與包套的幾何尺寸、壁厚、屈服強(qiáng)度有關(guān)系，包套越厚，其屏蔽效應(yīng)越顯著，降低熱等靜壓過程中粉末顆粒重排階段的致密化程度。由于包套的屏蔽，對于二元共晶和三元共晶的液相沒有實現(xiàn)完全擠出，在粉末顆粒與顆粒交界處殘留有沒有被液相填充完全的孔隙，降低粉末件最終的致密度。當(dāng)包套厚度較大時，降低了粉末鋁合金材料的抗拉強(qiáng)度和屈服強(qiáng)度，而對材料塑性的影響不明顯。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁合金粉末；熱等靜壓；屏蔽效應(yīng)
（Manufacture Engineering of Aerospace Vehicle, School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,
Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China）
Abstract:By numerical simulation and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) tests of aluminum alloy powders, the shielding effect of capsules and its impact on the mechanical properties of P/M aluminium alloys were studied during the processes of HIP. In addition, the experimental equations about the shielding effect of capsules were established. The results show that the shielding effect of capsules depends on geometry size of capsule, wall thickness and yield strength. The thicker the capsule, the greater the shielding effect of capsule, which reduces densification during grains rearrangement stage in the processes of HIP. Binary eutectic liquid phase and ternary eutectic liquid phase would not be squeezed out and the pores among powder particles are not filled by the liquid phase because of the shielding effect of capsule. Besides, through tensile mechanical properties tests, the tensile strength and yield strength of P/M aluminium alloys increase when the capsule becomes thin but the effect on the metal plastic is insignificant.
Key words: aluminum alloy powder; hot isostatic pressing; shielding effect
