(東華理工大學(xué)核工程與地球物理學(xué)院核資源與環(huán)境省部共建國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育基地，南昌330013)
摘 要: 采用液相還原法制備納米零價(jià)鐵(nZVI)去除溶液中的U(Ⅵ)，討論溶液pH與離子強(qiáng)度、共存陰陽離子和腐殖酸對去除效果的影響，并對nZVI進(jìn)行表征研究，分析納米零價(jià)鐵去除U(Ⅵ)的機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明：納米零價(jià)鐵對溶液中的U(Ⅵ)有很好的去除效果，pH值對去除效果有顯著影響，而離子強(qiáng)度對納米零價(jià)鐵去除U(Ⅵ)幾乎沒有影響。陽離子對鈾的去除有一定的影響，其中Ca2+和Mg2+的影響較大，而Na+和K+幾乎沒有影響。陰離子對納米零價(jià)鐵去除U(Ⅵ)也有一定的影響，其影響順序由大到小依次為NO3-、SO42-、ClO4-、CO32-、HPO42-。腐殖酸對納米零價(jià)鐵去除溶液中U(Ⅵ)在pH≤4.5時(shí)有明顯的促進(jìn)作用；當(dāng)pH＞4.5以后，腐殖酸對納米零價(jià)鐵去除U(Ⅵ)具有明顯的抑制作用。
關(guān)鍵字: 納米零價(jià)鐵；離子強(qiáng)度；陰離子；陽離子；腐殖酸；鈾
（Environment and Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory,
School of Nuclear Engineering and Geophysics, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China）
Abstract:The nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), synthesized in aqueous solutions by reduction method, was used to removeU(Ⅵ) from aqueous solutions. The effects of pH and ion strength, HA, anions and cations on removal of U(Ⅵ) were investigated. The results show that nZVI has very good removal efficiency on U(Ⅵ), pH value has obvious effect on removal of U(Ⅵ), but the ion strength has nearly no effect on the removal of U(Ⅵ). Anion has certain effect, Ca2+and Mg2+ has obvious effect, but Na+ and K+ has no effect. The important influence ordinal of cations on removal of U(Ⅵ) by nZVI from big to small are NO3-, SO42-, ClO4-, CO32-, HPO42-. The presence of humic acid (HA) enhances observably the removal of U(Ⅵ) by nZVI at pH≤4.5, but reduces the removal of U(Ⅵ) at pH＞4.5.
Key words: nanoscale zero-valent iron; ionic strength; anion; cation; humic acid; uranium
