(1. 中南大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙410083；
2.中南大學(xué)有色金屬先進結(jié)構(gòu)材料與制造協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心，長沙410083)
摘 要: 采用直接水冷鑄造法制備Al-Sn-Cu合金，通過室溫力學(xué)性能測試、摩擦磨損試驗、金相顯微分析(OM)、掃描電鏡分析(SEM)、X射線衍射分析(XRD)、透射電鏡分析(TEM)等手段對合金不同狀態(tài)下的力學(xué)性能、摩擦磨損性能、顯微組織結(jié)構(gòu)及其演變規(guī)律進行研究。結(jié)果表明：經(jīng)過(480 ℃, 19 h)均勻化處理，合金組織中呈連續(xù)網(wǎng)狀分布的β(Sn)消失，變成球狀和塊狀依附或者圍繞在Al2Cu周圍；擠壓變形之后，β(Sn)和Al2Cu被拉長破碎并得到細化，組織得到改善。合金適宜的固溶-時效制度為(490 ℃, 1 h)固溶、水淬后(190 ℃, 4 h)時效，在此狀態(tài)下，晶內(nèi)出現(xiàn)彌散分布的Al2Cu析出相和納米級尺寸的β(Sn)，合金的抗拉強度、屈服強度、伸長率、摩擦因數(shù)和磨痕寬度分別為318 MPa、252 MPa、10.5%、0.1053和1446.49 μm，具有良好的力學(xué)性能和摩擦磨損性能。
關(guān)鍵字: Al-Sn-Cu合金；擠壓；組織；力學(xué)性能；摩擦磨損性能；固溶；時效處理
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Nonferrous Metal Oriented Advanced Structural Materials and Manufacturing Cooperative Innovation Center,
Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The Al-Sn-Cu alloy was prepared by direct water-cooling casting. The mechanical properties, wear properties, microstructure and evolvement rule of alloy were investigated by means of room temperature tensile test, wear test, OM, SEM, XRD and TEM. The results show that the continuous webbed β(Sn) disappears, and Al2Cu phases are attached or enveloped by globular and nubbly β(Sn) phases after homogenization treatment(480℃, 19 h). The β(Sn) and Al2Cu phases are elongated and broken after extrusion, which results in the fine microstructure of alloy. The suitable solution and aging treatment of alloy is solution treated at 490 ℃ for l h, water-quenched and then aged at 190 ℃ for 4 h. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, friction coefficient and wear width of alloy are 318 MPa, 252 MPa, 10.5%, 0.1053 and 1446.49 μm, respectively, after the suitable solution and aging treatment. At the same time, Al2Cu precipitated phases and nano-sized β(Sn) dispersively distribute in the crystal, which leads to the fine mechanical properties and wear properties of alloy.
Key words: Al-Sn-Cu alloy; extrusion; microstructure; mechanical property; wear property; solution; aging treatment
