(1. 中國科學(xué)院過程工程研究所，北京 100190；
2. 江西理工大學(xué)冶金與化學(xué)工程學(xué)院，贛州 341000；
3. 武漢工程大學(xué)綠色化工過程教育部重點實驗室，武漢 430073)
摘 要: 針對熔析結(jié)晶精煉冶金硅過程中硅與熔析劑分離難的問題，采用高溫離心裝置通過超重力作用強化固-液相分離過程，研究高溫離心分離效率及其影響因素，并探討高溫熔體液固分離過程的物理作用機理。結(jié)果表明：增大超重力系數(shù)和延長處理時間能提高分離效果，提高處理溫度將導(dǎo)致硅收率降低。在600 ℃、400 G(超重力系數(shù))操作1 h時，分離硅的質(zhì)量分數(shù)高達95%，硅的回收率為95%。與直接酸洗分離工藝相比將減少90%以上的耗酸量，并實現(xiàn)熔析劑的直接回收。最后，分析超重力分離過程中的液體賦存狀態(tài)及其的物理作用機制。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁硅合金；熔析劑；超重力；離心分離
（1. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology,
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2. School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering,
Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China;
3. Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process, Ministry of Education,
Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China）
Abstract:For the difficult separation problem of silicon and liquation agent in solvent refining of metallurgical silicon, high temperature centrifugal device was employed to intensify the separation process by super-gravity. The efficiency and its influencefactors of high temperature centrifugal separation were studied, and the physical mechanism of high temperature separation process of molten liquid and solid was also explored. The results show that the increase of super-gravity coefficient and processing time can improve the effect of separation, whereas increasing the temperature leads to decline of silicon yield. Under 600 ℃ and 400 G (supergravity coefficient) for 1 h, the separation of silicon (mass fraction is up to 95%, and the recovery rate of silicon is 95%. Compared with the direct pickling process, there is a reduction in acid consumption more than 90%, and the solvent can be directly recycled. Finally, the liquid state and physical mechanism of super gravity separation process were briefly demonstrated.
Key words: Al-Si alloy; solvent refining; super-gravity; centrifugal separation
