(1. 北京有色金屬研究總院生物冶金國家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100080；
2. 中國有色金屬工業(yè)協(xié)會，北京 100814)
摘 要: 在對黃銅礦、黃鐵礦晶體結(jié)構(gòu)差異性分析的基礎(chǔ)上，研究在相同生物浸出條件下晶體結(jié)構(gòu)對兩礦物浸出速率及浸礦用菌種群落演替規(guī)律的影響，并對其產(chǎn)生原因進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明：黃銅礦晶胞中單位結(jié)構(gòu)基元內(nèi)不同結(jié)合方式原子間浸出難易程度不同，導(dǎo)致黃銅礦生物浸出速率隨浸出時間的延長而不斷降低；黃鐵礦晶胞內(nèi)各原子間結(jié)合方式單一，因而其浸出速率基本穩(wěn)定。兩礦物浸出過程中浸礦用菌種群落演替規(guī)律存在差異，在黃銅礦生物浸出過程中，Leptospirillum ferriphilum (L.f)由優(yōu)勢菌(占98%以上)轉(zhuǎn)為劣勢菌(占37%)；在黃鐵礦生物浸出過程中，L.f始終為優(yōu)勢菌(占90%以上)。由于L.f對Fe2+供應(yīng)較敏感，因而兩礦物晶體結(jié)構(gòu)不同所決定的Fe2+供應(yīng)差異是浸礦用菌種群落演替差異產(chǎn)生的根本原因。
關(guān)鍵字: 晶體結(jié)構(gòu)；黃銅礦；黃鐵礦；生物浸出；差異性
（1.National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy,
General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100080, China;
2. China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, Beijing 100814, China）
Abstract:Theeffects of the crystal structure of chalcopyrite and pyrite on the of leaching rate and bacteria community succession of these two minerals bioleached under the same conditions were investigatedon the basis of the analysis of the crystal structure.The results show that the leaching rate of chalcopyrite decreases with the increase of time, which is caused by the different leaching difficulty levels as the different bonding forms between different atoms in the structural motif of chalcopyrite cell.As the atoms in the pyrite cell have the same bonding form,so the leaching rate is basically steady.There is a difference of bacteria community succession between these minerals bioleaching process,Leptospirillum ferriphilum (L.f) changes from advantage bacterium (more than 98%) to disadvantage bacterium (account for 37%) in chalcopyrite bioleaching process,while L.f is always the dominant bacterium (more than 90%)in pyrite bioleaching process.As Fe2+ has a great influence on the growth and multiplication of L.f, so the different crystal structures which lead to the Fe2+ supply difference arethe primary reason of bacterial species succession difference between these minerals.
Key words: crystal structure;chalcopyrite;pyrite;bioleaching;otherness
