(1. 中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長沙 410083；
2. 中南大學(xué) 深圳研究院 深圳高性能電池材料與器件工程研究中心，深圳 518057)
摘 要: 針對目前動力鋰離子電池模塊散熱困難的問題，以12串10 A？h磷酸鐵鋰動力電池為研究對象，基于COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS平臺建立其三維熱仿真模型，并應(yīng)用紅外成像技術(shù)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證；定量分析不同工況下空氣強(qiáng)制對流冷卻和冷卻板冷卻對電池模塊散熱性能的影響。結(jié)果表明：空氣強(qiáng)制對流冷卻降低電池溫度的能力有限，且造成電池模塊溫度均勻性變差。對流換熱系數(shù)從5 W/(m2·K)變化至100 W/(m2·K)進(jìn)行5C放電時，電池模塊中心溫度僅降低0.2 K，電池溫差達(dá)到10 K；冷卻板冷卻具有平衡電池模塊溫度場的作用，其降溫效果和溫度均勻性均優(yōu)于空氣冷卻時的。5C放電時，電池模塊最高溫度為318.91 K，最低溫度為317.19 K；空氣強(qiáng)制對流冷卻時，增加冷卻板厚度和外部散熱翅片的數(shù)量都能夠降低電池模塊溫度和均勻性，但在自然冷卻條件下該變化不明顯。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋰離子電池模塊；散熱結(jié)構(gòu)；仿真；冷卻
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Engineering Research Center of High Performance Battery Materials and Devices in Shenzhen,
Research Institute of Central South University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China）
Abstract:Due to the heat dissipation problem of power lithium-ion battery packs, 12 series-10A？h lithium iron phosphate battery packs were taken as the research object. A three dimensional thermal simulation model for lithium ion battery packs was established based on the finite element commercial software COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS and validated by infrared imaging technology to analyze the influence of the air forced convection cooling and cold plate cooling on the heat dissipation of battery packs. The result shows that with the convection heat transfer coefficient increasing from 5 W/(m2·K) to 100 W/(m2·K), the center temperature of packs reduces only 0.2 K, but the temperature difference reaches 10 K. It can be concluded that the ability about lowering temperature of forced convection cooling is limited, and the forced convection cooling aggravates the temperature uniformity of packs. The maximum and minimum temperatures of battery pack with 5C discharge rate are 318.91 and 317.19 K, respectively, which is superior to forced convection cooling. It can be concluded that the cold plate cooling can balance the pack temperature. Increasing the thickness of cold plate and the number of external cooling fins can reduce the temperature and temperature uniformity of battery packs, but it is not obvious under natural convection cooling.
Key words: lithium-ion battery pack; heat dissipation structure; simulation; cooling
