(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 冶金與能源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093；
2. 中國(guó)科學(xué)院 過(guò)程工程研究所 濕法冶金清潔生產(chǎn)技術(shù)國(guó)家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100190；
3. 中國(guó)科學(xué)院 過(guò)程工程研究所 綠色過(guò)程與工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100190)
摘 要: 以紅土鎳礦常壓酸浸凈化液為原料，采用陰離子交換膜與電解結(jié)合的方法制備金屬鎳。分別研究電解液成分、溫度、時(shí)間、電流密度和pH等因素對(duì)陰極電流效率、回收率、能耗以及槽電壓的影響。結(jié)果表明：含Ni2+溶液濃度為64 g/L、H3BO4濃度為40 g/L、H2SO4濃度為0.1 mol/L、溫度為40 ℃、電流密度為 300 A/m2、pH為5.2時(shí)，陰極電流效率達(dá)到98.47%，能耗為3470 kW·h/t，得到的金屬鎳純度達(dá)到99.9%以上，能夠滿足工業(yè)上的要求。
關(guān)鍵字: 凈化液；陰離子交換膜；電解；鎳；電流效率；能耗
（1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,
Kunming 650093, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology,
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China）
Abstract:Ni was prepared by the method combining anionexchange membrane with electrolysis using nickel laterite atmospheric acid leaching purifying solution as main raw material. The influences of parameters including the electrolyte composition, temperature, time, current density, pH and other factors on the cathodic current efficiency, recovery rate, energy consumption and cell voltage were explored, respectively. The results indicate that the cathode current efficiency and the energy consumption are 98.47%, 3470 kW·h/t at Ni concentration of 64 g/L, H3BO4 concentration of 40 g/L, H2SO4 concentration of 0.1 mol/L, temperature of 40 ℃, pH of 5.2 and cathode current density of 300 A/m2, respectively，and the purity of this nickel can achieve more than 99.9%, which can meet the industrial requirements.
Key words: purifying solution; anion exchange membrane; electrolysis; Ni; current efficiency; energy consumption
