(1. 北京有色金屬研究總院 生物冶金國家工程實驗室，北京 100088；
2. 江西省科學院 生物資源研究所，南昌 330096)
摘 要: 測試微生物浸出液萃取過程中界面乳化物生成率。采用相差顯微鏡觀察乳化液顯微結構，并對萃后有機相進行吸收曲線和紅外光譜檢測，研究硫化鎳鈷礦微生物浸出液在萃取過程中界面乳化的原因。結果表明：微生物浸出液在萃取除雜過程中界面乳化物生成率隨萃取次數(shù)的增加而增加。界面乳化物中含有黃鉀鐵礬、二氧化硅和細菌等物質(zhì)，并且有機相結構發(fā)生變化，紅外光譜結果顯示有機相P—O—H鍵吸收峰消失，吸收曲線測試發(fā)現(xiàn)370 nm處出現(xiàn)了吸收峰。萃取過程中P204的P—O—H鍵斷裂并與鐵離子結合形成了配合物。在微生物浸出液中，固體微粒、浸礦細菌的累積以及有機相結構變化導致了界面乳化物的形成。
關鍵字: 界面乳化物；固體微粒；細菌；紅外光譜
（1. National Engineering Laboratory of Bio-hydrometallurgy, General Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals,
Beijing 100088, China;
2. Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China）
Abstract:The production rate of interfacial crud was evaluated during the extraction process of bioleaching. The emulsion microstructure was observed by phase contrast microscopy, and the organic phase after extraction was studied by absorption curve and IR analysis. The formation reason of interfacial crud in nickel and cobalt sulfide ore bioleaching during the extraction process was investigated. The results show that the product rate of interfacial crud increases with increasing cycle times. The interfacial crud contains jarosite, silica and bacterial. And the organic phase structure changes, IR results show that the characteristic absorption peak of P—O—H bond in the organic phase disappears, and the adsorption curve shows a new adsorption peak appears at 370 nm. The P—O—H bond of P204 breaks and combines with Fe3+ to form a complexes in the extraction process. The micro-solid particles, cumulative leaching bacteria and organic phase with changed structure lead to the formation of interfacial crud in microbial leaching solution.
Key words: interfacial crud; solid particle; bacteria; infrared spectrum
