(中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 結(jié)合富氧底吹熔池熔煉機(jī)理模型和Cu-Fe-S-O-SiO2系氧勢(shì)-硫勢(shì)熱力學(xué)優(yōu)勢(shì)圖，研究底吹熔煉過程中的多相平衡狀態(tài)及爐內(nèi)不同空間位點(diǎn)的氧勢(shì)-硫勢(shì)分布規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：銅富氧底吹熔池熔煉是煙氣-爐渣-銅锍三相共存體系，隨著連續(xù)加料、連續(xù)鼓氧及放渣和放锍操作的進(jìn)行，體系遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)到平衡，而是處于動(dòng)態(tài)的非穩(wěn)態(tài)近似多相平衡狀態(tài)，爐內(nèi)不同空間位點(diǎn)的氧勢(shì)-硫勢(shì)不同，存在著梯度變化。反應(yīng)區(qū)、分離過渡區(qū)及液相澄清區(qū)由下到上氧勢(shì)逐漸降低，而硫勢(shì)逐漸升高，其中反應(yīng)區(qū)的氧勢(shì)-硫勢(shì)差梯度較大，氧和硫的傳質(zhì)較快。通過調(diào)節(jié)熔煉過程工藝參數(shù)，使?fàn)t內(nèi)不同空間位點(diǎn)的氧勢(shì)-硫勢(shì)控制在更為合理的范圍，可提高底吹熔煉能力。
關(guān)鍵字: 銅冶煉；富氧底吹；熔煉機(jī)理；氧勢(shì)；硫勢(shì)；非穩(wěn)態(tài)多相平衡
（School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The multiphase equilibrium state and oxygen-sulfur potential distribution rule of oxygen-enriched bottom blowing smelting (BBS) process were investigated by mechanism model of BBS and oxygen-sulfur potential diagram for Cu-Fe-S-O-SiO2 system. The results show that BBS is at the state of dynamic non-steady approximate multiphase equilibrium of gas-slag-matte three phases coexistence system which is far from equilibrium with continuous feeding, injecting oxygen, slagoff and ejecting matte. And the value of oxygen and sulfur potential changes gradually in different locations of furnace. Oxygen potential decreases and sulfur potential increases gradually from bottom to up in reaction region, separation transition region and liquid phase clarification region, and oxygen and sulfur transfers faster in reaction region with larger oxygen-sulfur potential gradient. The capacity of BBS can be improved by reasonably regulating process parameters to control the value in different layers and regions.
Key words: copper smelting; oxygen-enriched bottom blowing; smelting mechanism; oxygen potential; sulfur potential; non-steady multiphase equilibrium
