(南昌航空大學(xué) 航空制造與工程學(xué)院，南昌 330063)
摘 要: 采用lincolnTIG-355交直流鎢極氬弧焊機(jī)和8515藥芯鋅-鋁焊絲對T2紫銅與LY16鋁合金異種材料進(jìn)行了對接焊。利用掃描電鏡(SEM)和能譜分析儀(EDS)對接頭各區(qū)域的顯微組織和成分進(jìn)行分析，并通過拉伸試驗(yàn)機(jī)測試接頭的力學(xué)性能。結(jié)果表明：所焊接的對接接頭無氣孔、裂紋等缺陷，焊縫成形良好。當(dāng)焊接電流為100 A、焊接速度為62 mm/min、保護(hù)氣流量為15 L/min時，接頭抗拉強(qiáng)度達(dá)到了240 MPa，斷裂于銅側(cè)熱影響區(qū)。焊縫組織為白色條塊狀的CuZn4化合物，均勻分布于由Zn基和Al基固溶體組成的(α+η)共晶組織中；銅側(cè)界面平直清晰，界面附近存在較多的金屬間化合物組織，在鋁側(cè)界面有一沿界面呈鏈狀分布的灰黑色球塊狀的α相鋁基固溶體組織。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁銅異種材料；鎢極氬弧焊；力學(xué)性能；顯微組織
（Aviation Manufacturing and Engineering College, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China）
Abstract:Lincoln TIG-355 AC/DC arc welding machine and 8515 Zn-Al flux cored wire were used to butt weld T2 copper with LY16 aluminum in AC mode. The microstructure and the elements composition of the joint were studied by scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis, respectively, the mechanical properties of the joints were tested by a tensile testing machine. The results show that sound butt joints without pores, cracks and other defects are obtained by this method. When the welding current is 100 A, welding speed is 62 mm/min, shielding gas flow is 15 L/min, the joint tensile strength can reach 240 MPa, fails at the heat affected zone of the copper side. The weld microstructure is white striped blocky CuZn4 compounds uniformly, distributes at the (α+η) eutectic, which consists of Zn-based and Al-based solid solution. The interface of the copper side is clear, and there are many intermetallic compounds near the interface. At interface of the aluminum side, there is gray black ball blocky α-phase aluminum solid solution organization distributing with chain shape linear distribution along the interface.
Key words: aluminum-copper dissimilar material; tungsten inert gas arc welding; mechanical property; microstructure
