(1. 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué) 材料與冶金學(xué)院 內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)稀土現(xiàn)代冶金新技術(shù)與應(yīng)用重點實驗室，包頭 014010；
2. 北京化工大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，北京 100029)
摘 要: 根據(jù)Al3+與F-能形成穩(wěn)定的絡(luò)合離子[AlF6]3-，采用HNO3-Al(NO3)3溶液絡(luò)合浸出包頭稀土精礦中的氟元素。討論HNO3濃度、Al(NO3)3濃度、液固比、攪拌速度、溫度和攪拌時間等工藝條件對氟浸出的影響。結(jié)果表明：在HNO3濃度為3 mol/L、Al(NO3)3 濃度為1.5 mol/L、液固比(mL/g)為30:1、攪拌速度為300 r/min、溫度為100 ℃、攪拌時間為90 min的條件下，稀土精礦中氟浸出率達到97.59%，從而使氟碳鈰礦進入溶液中，達到與獨居石分離的目的。F-與Al3+的絡(luò)合機理研究表明：F-與Al3+能形成配位數(shù)是1~6的復(fù)雜穩(wěn)定配合物，并隨著氟鋁比的增大，氯鋁配合物向高配位方向移動。
關(guān)鍵字: 稀土精礦；HNO3-Al(NO3)3；氟；絡(luò)合；浸出
（1. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of New Technologies of Modern Metallurgy and Application of Rare Earth Materials, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China;
2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China）
Abstract:According to the reaction of Al3+ with F- to form stable coordination ion [AlF6]3-, HNO3-Al(NO3)3 was used as a coordination agent to leach the fluorine from Baotou rare earth concentrate. The effects of different parameters including HNO3 concentration, Al(NO3)3 concentration, liquid to solid ratio, stirring speed, temperature and stirring time, on the leaching of fluorine element, were investigated. The results show that the fluorine leaching rate of rare earth concentrate is 97.59% when the HNO3 concentration is 3 mol/L, Al(NO3)3 concentration is 1.5 mol/L, liquid-solid ratio(mg/L) is 30:1, stirring speed is 300 r/min, temperature is 100 ℃ and stirring time is 90 min. And under this condition, the bastnaesite in the solution is separated from monazite. Besides, the coordination mechanism of F- and Al3+ was studied, and the results show that 1 mol Al3+ can coordinate with 1-6 mol F-, and complex moves to the direction of high coordination with the increase of fluoride concentration.
Key words: rare earth concentrate; HNO3-Al(NO3)3; fluorine element; coordination; leaching
