(1. 遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué) 礦山熱動力災(zāi)害與防治教育部重點實驗室，阜新 123000；
2. 中南大學(xué) 資源與安全工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083；
3. 南華大學(xué) 核資源工程學(xué)院，衡陽 421001)
摘 要: 為揭示硫化礦石自熱過程的分形特征，以從現(xiàn)場采集的礦石樣品作為實驗材料，開展礦石自熱特性實驗，集成小波技術(shù)和分形理論對實測溫度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明：僅礦樣1、2、3和8出現(xiàn)明顯自熱現(xiàn)象，自熱起始溫度分別為136.3、178.5、195.4和200 ℃，在正常采礦條件下，礦石不易產(chǎn)生自熱現(xiàn)象；礦樣自熱過程具有穩(wěn)定的關(guān)聯(lián)維數(shù)，驗證了基于分形理論研究自熱過程的可行性；在實驗條件基本一致的前提下，隨著自熱起始溫度的增大，礦樣自熱過程的關(guān)聯(lián)維數(shù)逐漸減小，可采用關(guān)聯(lián)維數(shù)來定性判斷自熱傾向性強(qiáng)弱；自熱效果明顯的礦樣，其實驗后期的關(guān)聯(lián)維數(shù)大于實驗前期的值，因此，可根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)維數(shù)的變化特征來判定礦樣出現(xiàn)明顯自熱的可能性，從而可減少重復(fù)實驗的工作量。
關(guān)鍵字: 硫化礦石；自熱過程；小波技術(shù)；分形理論；關(guān)聯(lián)維數(shù)；自熱傾向性
（1. Key Laboratory of Mine Thermo-motive Disaster and Prevention, Ministry of Education,
Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China;
2. School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. School of Nuclear Resources Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China）
Abstract:To reveal the fractal characteristics of self-heating process of sulfide ores, ore samples from a copper mine were taken as experimental materials, and the self-heating characteristics were measured in laboratory. Furthermore, the measured temperature was studied by integrating wavelet technology and fractal theory. The results indicate that only the ore samples 1, 2, 3 and 8 appear obvious self-heating tendency, and their self-heating initiative temperatures are 136.3, 178.5, 195.4 and 200 ℃, respectively, which mean that they are difficult to show self-heating tendency under normal mining conditions. The correlation dimension of self-heating process of ore samples is stable, meaning that it is feasible to study the self-heating process based on fractal theory. If the experimental conditions are basically consistent, the correlation dimension of self-heating process of ore samples decreases with the increase of he self-heating initiative temperature. So, the correlation dimension can be applied to qualitatively determine the self-heating tendency. For the ore samples appearing obvious self-heating tendency in the experiment, the correlation dimension of the late period is greater than that of the previous period. Therefore, the possibility for obvious self-heating tendency of ore samples can be determined according to the variation characteristics of the correlation dimension, which can reduce the workload of repeated experiments.
Key words: sulfide ore; self-heating process; wavelet technology; fractal theory; correlation dimension; self-heating tendency
