(1. 北京科技大學 冶金與生態(tài)工程學院，北京 100083；
2. 中國鋼研科技集團有限公司 低溫冶金與資源高效利用中心，北京 100081)
摘 要: 對鉬精礦真空分解工藝中的關鍵性環(huán)節(jié)進行了熱力學分析，并進行了真空分解試驗驗證。結果表明：控制爐內壓力在低于100Pa、分解溫度在1773~2073 K范圍，實現(xiàn)鉬精礦分解得到金屬Mo完全可能。鉬精礦中As2S3、SnS2、PbS直接以硫化物形式升華去除，而Bi2S3則更容易分解為Bi蒸氣和S蒸氣，直接以氣態(tài)形式去除。CuS在較低溫度下容易分解為Cu2S和S蒸氣，而要使Cu2S分解為Cu蒸氣將Cu去除，則需要更高的溫度。硫磺可以通過冷凝的方式回收，硫磺回收的溫度區(qū)間為392~490 K。通過試驗得到Mo含量達到93.69%的金屬鉬球和S含量達到98.6%的硫磺產(chǎn)品，金屬Mo中P、S、Cu、As、Pb和Sn等雜質元素較少。
關鍵字: 鉬精礦；真空分解；熱力學；硫磺
（1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Center of Efficient Utilization of Resources by Low-temperature Metallurgy,
China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group, Beijing 100081, China）
Abstract:The key steps of thermal decomposition process of molybdenum concentrate in vacuum were thermodynamically analyzed and verified by the vacuum decomposition experiment. The results show that the thermal decomposition process of molybdenum concentrate in vacuum is feasible when the temperature is in the range of 1773-2073 K and the furnace pressure is less than 100Pa. PbS, SnS2 and As2S3 in the molybdenum concentrate can directly volatile into gas, and Bi2S3 is more likely to decompose to Bi and S vapors and volatilize directly, and CuS decomposes to Cu2S easily, but Cu2S is difficult to decompose unless it is treated under a higher temperature and a lower pressure. The calculated suitable temperature range for sulfur recovery in this process is 392-490 K. The Mo content of molybdenum metal ball obtained by experiments is 93.69% and the S content of sulfur products reaches 98.6%. The impurity elements, such as P, S, Cu, As, Pb, Sn, in the molybdenum products are very low.
Key words: molybdenum concentrate; vacuum decomposition; thermodynamic; sulfur
