(上海航天技術(shù)研究院 空間電源研究所，上海 200245)
摘 要: 熔鹽電解質(zhì)鋰電池在激活后由于自放電導(dǎo)致容量發(fā)生衰減，采用LiF-LiCl-LiBr低溫共熔鹽電解質(zhì)，以二硫化鐵為正極材料，分別以鋰硅合金和鋰硼合金作為負(fù)極材料制備單體電池，在500 ℃的溫度下進(jìn)行恒流放電試驗(yàn)。通過改變單體電池的工作電流可控制電池放電時(shí)間，并得到單體電池在經(jīng)歷不同工作時(shí)間后獲得的可利用電容量。并將單體電池的工作時(shí)間和可利用電容量經(jīng)一次線性回歸分析。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用鋰硅合金作為負(fù)極材料時(shí)，電池的容量衰減率為40.6 C/min；而使用鋰硼合金作為負(fù)極材料時(shí)，電池的容量衰減率僅為15.5 C/min。
關(guān)鍵字: 熔鹽電解質(zhì)鋰電池；自放電；鋰硼合金；鋰硅合金
（Shanghai Academy of Space Lighted Technology, Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai 200245, China）
Abstract:The capacity decay occurs due to the self-discharge after activation in the molten salt electrolyte lithium batteries. Using LiF-LiCl-LiBr molten salts as electrolyte and FeS2 as cathode material, the lithium-silicon alloy and lithium-boron alloy as anode material to prepare single cells, which was then discharged at constant currents and 500 ℃. The working time of the single cells can be adjusted simply by varying the discharge current, the change of the available capacity is obtained. The working time and the measured capacity were analyzed by unary linear regression. The results show that the rate of the capacity loss is 40.6 C/min when lithium-silicon alloy is used as anode material, which is only 15.5 C/min when lithium-boron alloy is used as anode material.
Key words: molten salt electrolyte lithium battery; self-discharge; lithium-boron alloy; lithium-silicon alloy
