(大連理工大學(xué) 精密與特種加工教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，大連 116024)
摘 要: 采用脈沖激光實(shí)現(xiàn)304不銹鋼與C-276合金異種材料的焊接成形，利用幾何方法計(jì)算不同激光能量偏移量條件下C-276在焊縫中的熔化比例，借助電子探針對焊縫主要元素進(jìn)行宏觀分析，獲得C-276熔化比例與焊縫Fe、Ni兩大元素在焊縫處的分布關(guān)系，并檢測不同激光能量偏移條件下焊縫的力學(xué)性能。結(jié)果表明：304/C-276各異質(zhì)焊縫化學(xué)元素分布均勻，且過渡區(qū)較窄，激光能量偏移量對異質(zhì)焊縫元素含量影響較為顯著，隨著激光能量偏移量的增加，焊縫中Ni、Mo和W元素逐漸增多，F(xiàn)e元素逐漸減少，Cr元素變化不大；C-276熔化比例與焊縫中Fe和Ni元素分布滿足杠桿原理；304/C-276各異質(zhì)焊縫的抗拉極限強(qiáng)度均低于304和C-276母材的，當(dāng)激光能量偏向C-276母材+0.2~ +0.3 mm時，焊縫抗拉極限強(qiáng)度達(dá)到最佳狀態(tài)。
關(guān)鍵字: 激光異質(zhì)焊接；能量偏移；元素分布；抗拉強(qiáng)度
（Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology, Ministry of Education,
Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China）
Abstract:The technology of welding 304 stainless steel to C-276 alloy with Nd:YAG pulsed laser was carried out. The fusion ratio of C-276 in the weld joint was achieved with geometric method under the condition of different laser energy offsets. Macroscopic analysis of the main elements distribution in the weld joint was deeply studied by electron probe. The relationship between C-276 confuse ratio and compositions of Fe and Ni in the weld joint was achieved. Then, tensile test was carried out to detect the mechanical properties of the weld joint. The results indicate that, under the condition of different laser energy offsets, the main elements in dissimilar weld joint distribute uniformly. Laser energy offsets affect the elements composition significantly. With the increase of the laser energy offsets, Ni, Mo and W elements increase gradually, Fe element gradually reduces and Cr element changes little. The relationship between C-276 confuse ratio and compositions of Fe and Ni meets the leverage principle. Under the condition of different laser energy offsets, the ultimate tensile strength of weld joint is lower than those of 304 and C-276 base metal. As the laser energy moves to C-276 for about +0.2-+0.30 mm, the ultimate tensile strength of weld joint reaches the best.
Key words: laser dissimilar welding; energy offset; element distribution; tensile strength
