(北京有色金屬研究總院 生物冶金國(guó)家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100088)
摘 要: 采用XRD、XPS和MLA等檢測(cè)研究海相火山巖型黃銅礦及斑巖型黃銅礦化學(xué)浸出的差異性。結(jié)果表明：在化學(xué)浸出過(guò)程中，海相火山巖型黃銅礦與斑巖型黃銅礦浸出特性有很大的差異，這是由于兩種黃銅礦表面形成中間產(chǎn)物的性質(zhì)不同。兩種黃銅礦化學(xué)浸出的產(chǎn)物除單質(zhì)硫S8之外，還有非化學(xué)計(jì)量的中間產(chǎn)物Cu3.5Fe4S2.5、Cu5Fe4S及Cu3.5Fe1.5S5生成。海相火山巖型黃銅礦的中間產(chǎn)物以Cu3.5Fe4S2.5為主，斑巖型黃銅礦的中間產(chǎn)物以Cu3.5Fe1.5S5為主。海相火山巖型黃銅礦與斑巖型黃銅礦具有不同的溶解途徑：海相火山巖型黃銅礦受到H+的腐蝕后礦物中的Cu—S斷裂，Cu2+與Fe2+同時(shí)溶解，而斑巖型黃銅礦受到H+腐蝕后Fe2+優(yōu)先溶解。
關(guān)鍵字: 海相火山巖型黃銅礦；斑巖型黃銅礦；化學(xué)浸出；中間產(chǎn)物
（National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallury,
General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China）
Abstract:The chemical leaching different characteristics of chalcopyrite with different genetic types (marine volcanic and porphyry) were investigated by XRD, XPS and MLA analysis. The results show that the difference between marine volcanic chalcopyrite and porphyry chalcopyrite during chemical leaching is generated by intermediate formed on the surface of chalcopyrite with different chemical and structural properties. Nonstoichiometric intermediate products, such as Cu3.5Fe4S2.5, Cu5Fe4S and Cu3.5Fe1.5S5, also form during two kinds of chalcopyrite leaching, besides sulphur S8. The main intermediate product of marine volcanic chalcopyrite is Cu3.5Fe4S2.5, while Cu3.5Fe1.5S5 is mainly in porphyry chalcopyrite. The leaching mechanism of marine volcanic chalcopyrite and porphyry chalcopyrite is different. During the leaching process of marine volcanic chalcopyrite, Cu2+ and Fe2+ are dissolved simultaneously after the broken of Cu—S bond attacked by proton. However, Fe2+ dissolves preferentially after the porphyry chalcopyrite is corroded by H+.
Key words: marine volcanic chalcopyrite; porphyry chalcopyrite; chemical leaching; intermediate
