(1. 中南大學(xué) 能源科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083；
2. 中國鋁業(yè)股份有限公司 鄭州研究院，鄭州 450041)
摘 要: 應(yīng)用歐拉雙流體模型和氧化鋁組分輸運(yùn)模型相結(jié)合的方法，考慮陽極氣泡影響的修正k–ε湍流模型，并引入合適的氧化鋁溶解和消耗函數(shù)，對鋁電解槽熔體內(nèi)氧化鋁輸運(yùn)過程中的陽極氣體–電解質(zhì)氣液兩相流進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬。結(jié)果表明：氣體作用力和電磁力共同作用對電解質(zhì)流場有重要影響；氣體作用在局部位置對氧化鋁濃度的均勻分布有一定的效果，而電磁力作用可以更好地將氧化鋁快速輸運(yùn)到全槽區(qū)域；氧化鋁濃度分布呈周期狀態(tài)變化，且該周期狀態(tài)變化與初始濃度無關(guān)；下料點(diǎn)位置應(yīng)布置在陽極間縫與中縫的交叉位置以及流場大漩渦流線的邊緣處，這將有利于氧化鋁快速溶解，并隨電解質(zhì)運(yùn)動將氧化鋁輸運(yùn)到全槽區(qū)域，使氧化鋁濃度快速達(dá)到均勻。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁電解槽；氣液兩相流；氧化鋁濃度分布；數(shù)值模擬
（1. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Zhengzhou Research Institute, Aluminum Corporation of China Limited, Zhengzhou 450041, China）
Abstract:The anode gas/electrolyte two-phase flow occurring during the transport process of alumina in the melts of aluminum reduction cells was simulated numerically by using an Euler-Euler two-fluid model coupled with a transport equation for alumina concentration. A modified k–ε turbulence model was used to describe the liquid phase turbulence in the simulation by assuming the pseudo turbulence resulted from anodic gas. The effects of alumina dissolution and consumption were involved in the alumina transport equation. The simulated results show that both anode gas forces and electromagnetic forces (EMFs) have a significant impact on the bath flow field. The anode gas forces have certain effect on the uniform alumina distribution in some local positions, but the EMFs have a wider range of influence and promote the transport process in alumina in the whole cell quickly. The concentration distribution can reach a periodic state, and this final periodic state is independent of the initial condition. The feeding points should be located at the intersection positions of central channel and inter-anode channel as well as the edge of the large vortex streamlines to speed up the dissolution and transport process of alumina, resulting in the more uniform alumina distribution.
Key words: aluminum reduction cells; gas-liquid two-phase flow; alumina concentration distribution; numerical simulation
