(1. 昆明理工大學(xué) 省部共建復(fù)雜有色金屬資源清潔利用國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大學(xué) 國(guó)土資源工程學(xué)院，昆明 650093；
3. 中南大學(xué) 資源加工與生物工程學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 以白鎢礦、螢石和方解石為研究對(duì)象，通過單礦物浮選試驗(yàn)、動(dòng)電位測(cè)試及XPS 能譜分析，研究硅酸鈉對(duì)含鈣礦物浮選行為的影響及作用機(jī)理。浮選實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：在捕收劑731 的作用下，pH 值為9.7~10.3、硅酸鈉濃度高于2.5 g/L 時(shí)，白鎢礦的回收率大于80%，而螢石和方解石的回收率分別低于10%和26%。Zeta 電位檢測(cè)結(jié)果表明：硅酸鈉與礦物作用后，螢石和方解石的Zeta 電位明顯負(fù)移，而白鎢礦的Zeta 電位改變較小，說明硅酸鈉更容易在螢石和方解石表面發(fā)生吸附。XPS 能譜分析顯示：硅酸鈉與礦物作用后，在螢石和方解石表面出現(xiàn)了Si 2p 特征峰，并且其相對(duì)含量分別為6.81%和4.72%，而Si 在白鎢礦表面的的相對(duì)濃度僅為0.35%；同時(shí)，白鎢礦、螢石和方解石表面的Ca 2p3/2 結(jié)合能偏移量分別為0.26、0.41 和0.55 eV，說明硅酸鈉在白鎢礦表面可能發(fā)生了物理吸附，而在螢石和方解石表面發(fā)生了強(qiáng)烈的化學(xué)吸附。因此，硅酸鈉能選擇性抑制螢石和方解石，有效地分離白鎢礦與螢石和方解石。
關(guān)鍵字: 白鎢礦；螢石；方解石；硅酸鈉；浮選；吸附
（1. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,
Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;
2.Faculty of Land Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;
3. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China）
Abstract:The flotation behavior and mechanism of sodium silicate on scheelite,fluorite and calcite were investigated by flotation tests,Zeta potential and XPS. The flotation experiment results show that the recovery of scheelite is higher than 80%,but the recoveries of fluorite and calcite are less than 10% and 26%,respectively,when Na2SiO3 dosage is greater than 2.5 g/L with collector 731 in the pH range of 9.7-10.3. The results of Zeta potential measurement show that Zeta potentials of scheelite shift negatively a little,however,the Zeta potentials of fluorite and calcite shift to more negative values in presence of sodium silicate,which indicates that sodium silicate is more easily adsorbed on the surface of fluorite and calcite. The results of XPS show that the Si 2p peaks are found on the surface of fluorite and calcite in presence of sodium silicate,and Si relative contents are 6.81% and 4.72%,respectively,but the Si relative concentration on the scheelite surface is only 0.35%,and Ca 2p3/2 binding energy shifts of scheelite,fluorite and calcite are 0.26,0.41 and 0.55 eV,respectively. According to the results of XPS,it can be concluded that sodium silicate is absorbed on the scheelite surface by physical adsorption,but it is absorbed on the fluorite and calcite surface by chemical adsorption. Therefore,sodium silicate can be used to separate scheelite from fluorite and calcite for selective depression fluorite and calcite.
Key words: scheelite; fluorite; calcite; sodium silicate; flotation; adsorption
