(1. 河南科技大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，洛陽(yáng) 471023；
2. 有色金屬共性技術(shù)河南省協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心，洛陽(yáng) 471023；
3. 伊川電力集團(tuán)總公司，伊川 471312)
摘 要: 為了獲取鋁電解碳素陰極材料的蠕變數(shù)據(jù)和Burgers 模型參數(shù)，在965 ℃及電解狀態(tài)下，對(duì)現(xiàn)行工業(yè)中使用的3 種鋁電解碳素陰極材料(半石墨質(zhì)、全石墨質(zhì)和石墨化)進(jìn)行單軸壓縮蠕變實(shí)驗(yàn)，采用Burgers 模型對(duì)陰極材料黏彈性行為進(jìn)行分析。利用Origin8.5 軟件對(duì)Burgers 模型參數(shù)進(jìn)行擬合，得到碳素陰極材料的黏彈性方程。結(jié)果表明：Burgers 模型能較好地反映碳素陰極材料在單軸壓縮應(yīng)力作用下的黏彈特性，陰極材料石墨化程度越高，Burgers 模型參數(shù)E1、E2、η2 和η1 值越大，材料的抗蠕變能力越強(qiáng)。在電解過程中，鈉和電解質(zhì)破壞陰極材料結(jié)構(gòu)，Burgers 模型參數(shù)E1、E2、η2 和η1 值變小，材料的抗蠕變能力變差。所獲結(jié)果可為掌握陰極材料在外力作用下的蠕變規(guī)律、實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)電解槽生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行過程中陰極變形的調(diào)控和電解槽壽命預(yù)測(cè)提供技術(shù)參考。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁電解；碳素陰極材料；蠕變；Burgers 模型
（1. College of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;
2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Nonferrous Metals Henan Province,Luoyang 471023,China;
3. Yichuan Power Group Corporation,Yichuan 471312,China）
Abstract:In order to obtain the creep data and Burgers model parameters for various industrial cathode products,uniaxial compression creep tests were carried out using a modified Rapoport equipment for carbon cathode materials under high temperature (965 ℃) and electrolysis conditions. The testing samples were taken from three typical industrial cathode blocks: semi-graphitic,full graphitic and graphitized carbon products. The viscoelasticity of the cathode materials was analyzed separately with Burgers model. After fitting the model parameters with Origin8.5 software,the constitutive equation of carbon cathode viscoelasticity was obtained. The results indicate that Burgers model can well reflect the viscoelasticity of the carbon cathodes. And the higher the graphitization of cathode materials is,the larger the Burgers model parameters E1,E2,η1 and η2 are,and the stronger the resistance to the creep deformation is. As the cathode material structure is damaged by the metallic sodium and the electrolyte,the Burgers model parameters E1,E2,η1 and η2 become smaller,and the resistance to the creep deformation of the cathode material gets worse. The obtained data will be useful for understanding the creep rule and better quality control in cathode deformation and the cell service life prediction in the production.
Key words: aluminum electrolysis; carbon cathode; creep; Burgers model
