(1. 中國(guó)科學(xué)院 過(guò)程工程研究所 濕法冶金清潔生產(chǎn)技術(shù)國(guó)家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100190；
2. 中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京) 化學(xué)與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 針對(duì)釩渣在NaOH低溫亞熔鹽體系中鉻無(wú)法溶出問(wèn)題，提出添加活性炭增加介質(zhì)氧含量強(qiáng)化鉻氧化溶出方法，并考察活性炭種類(lèi)、活性炭添加量、活性炭粒度、溫度對(duì)釩、鉻溶出率的影響。結(jié)果表明，在NaOH亞熔鹽體系中添加活性炭可有效促進(jìn)釩和鉻的溶出，活性炭種類(lèi)和溫度是最重要的影響因素；在反應(yīng)溫度215 ℃、堿與礦質(zhì)量比6:1、通氧量1 L/min、攪拌速度900 r/min、椰殼活性炭添加量10%的條件下，反應(yīng)進(jìn)行600 min后釩、鉻溶出率分別達(dá)到97%和90%。動(dòng)力學(xué)分析表明，添加活性炭后釩渣的氧化分解受界面化學(xué)反應(yīng)控制，釩、鉻尖晶石分解反應(yīng)的表觀活化能分別為54.79和411.15 kJ/mol；活性炭起物理吸附氧氣作用。
關(guān)鍵字: 釩渣；亞熔鹽法；活性炭；釩；鉻；提取；動(dòng)力學(xué)分析；活化能
（1. Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
China University of Mining and Technology of Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:For chromium in vanadium slag cannot be dissolved in low temperature NaOH sub-molten salt (SMS) system, the method adding activated carbon to increase medium oxygen content to strengthen chromium oxide dissolution was proposed, and the effects of activated carbon type, the amount of activated carbon added, activated carbon particle size, reaction temperature on the dissolution of vanadium and chromium were studied. The results suggest that the activated carbon can improve the dissolution of vanadium and chromium effectively. The activated carbon type and reaction temperature are the main affecting factors. Under the optimal reaction conditions (temperature of 215 ℃, NaOH-to-ore mass ratio of 6:1, gas flow of 1 L/min, stirring speed of 900 r/min, coconut shell activated carbon addition of 10%, and reaction time of 600 min), vanadium and chromium extraction rates can reach 97% and 90%, respectively. The kinetics analysis suggests that vanadium oxidation decomposition in SMS is controlled by surface chemical reaction, and the apparent activation energies for vanadium and chromium are 54.79 and 411.15 kJ/mol, respectively. The effect of activated carbon is physical adsorption of oxygen.
Key words: vanadium slag; sub-molten salt method; activated carbon; vanadium; chromium; extraction; kinetics analysis; activation energy
