(1. 湖南大學 汽車車身先進設計制造國家重點實驗室，長沙 410082;
2. 湖南大學 機械與運載工程學院，長沙 410082)
摘 要: 考慮到空氣動力學、結構力學和美觀等方面的要求，車身用鋁合金構件需要彎曲成特定的曲率，對產(chǎn)品的質量提出更高要求。制造鋁合金框架式車身的關鍵技術在于如何實現(xiàn)輕量化構件的高精度彎曲成形。概述幾種典型的傳統(tǒng)2D冷彎成形工藝及質量控制方法。針對采用傳統(tǒng)冷彎工藝時產(chǎn)品缺陷難以控制和避免、制造成本高等缺點，開發(fā)具有高效、短流程和低成本的彎曲新工藝已成為塑性加工領域備受關注并得到迅速發(fā)展的重要方向之一。介紹了幾種管、型材空間冷彎一體化成形新工藝；全面綜述近15年來國內(nèi)外學者開發(fā)的一系列熱擠壓-彎曲一體化成形新工藝。并介紹本文作者所在課題組針對傳統(tǒng)冷彎和已有擠壓-彎曲一體化成形工藝存在的缺點，發(fā)明一種結合在線淬火控溫的擠壓-彎曲一體化成形新工藝和裝備，并展望了該工藝未來的研究趨勢。
關鍵字: 彎曲管；型材；空間冷彎；輕量化；擠壓-彎曲一體化
（1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,
Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
2. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China）
Abstract:Taking into account of the requirements in terms of aerodynamics, structural mechanics and aesthetics, automotive aluminum components are generally needed to be bended into a certain curvature. So, it proposes a higher demand on the quality of products. The key technology of producing space frame structure lies in how to achieve the high precise bending process of lightweight component. Several traditional 2D-cold bending processes and their preventive measures were firstly discussed. However, it is difficult to control and avoid the defects of traditional cold bending process and high manufacturing cost. New bending processes of high efficiency, short process and lower cost have become one of the important concerned and developed directions in the field of plastic forming. New high efficiency and low-cost bending processes have become one of the important concerned and developed direction in the field of plastic forming. Then, different kinds of 3D-cold bending methods and their characteristics were presented. A detailed review of a series of curved profile extrusion at home and abroad in recent 15 years was given. Finally, based on the defects of the traditional cold bending and developed integration processes, a new extrusion-bending-quenching integration forming technology and device were developed by our research group, and the prospect of future development for this process was proposed.
Key words: bending tube; profile; 3D-cold bending; lightweight; extrusion-bending integrative forming
