(中南大學(xué) 冶金與環(huán)境學(xué)院，長(zhǎng)沙 410083)
摘 要: 針對(duì)鎢鉬冶煉過(guò)程中釩難以深度除去的難題，借鑒海洋化學(xué)研究中的元素遷移規(guī)律，研究采用高價(jià)水合氧化物從鎢鉬冶煉過(guò)程中除釩。結(jié)果表明：從鎢酸鈉溶液中除釩，當(dāng)鐵鹽添加量按Fe與V摩爾比為40、溶液pH值為8.5~9.0時(shí)，除釩率均能達(dá)到99%以上。而在相同條件下，當(dāng)采用水合鋁氧化物和錳氧化物作為除釩劑時(shí)，除釩率分別只能達(dá)到90%和60%，除釩效果明顯不及采用鐵鹽時(shí)的。另外，用于在鉬酸鈉溶液除釩，當(dāng)鐵鹽添加量按Fe與V摩爾比為40、溶液pH值 7.5~10.8時(shí)，除釩率可達(dá)到97%，鉬損失率小于5%。而在鉬酸銨溶液中，當(dāng)鐵鹽添加量按Fe與V摩爾比為10、溶液pH為8.6~9.0時(shí)，除釩率在96%以上，同時(shí)幾乎沒(méi)有鉬損失；當(dāng)鐵鹽添加量按Fe與V摩爾比增加到20時(shí)，除釩率均高于97%，鉬損失率也小于2%。在鎢鉬冶煉過(guò)程中，鐵鹽可以作為一種有效的除釩試劑。
關(guān)鍵字: 鎢酸鈉體系；鉬酸鈉體系；鉬酸銨體系；深度除釩；鐵鹽
（School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:In view of the problem for vanadium removal efficiently in the tungsten or molybdenum smelting process, the V removal by adopting the high valence hydrated oxide was reached by the transferring regularity of elements in the thalassochemistry. The effect of different reagents on the V removal from tungstate solution was firstly investigated. The results show that when different ferric salts are used to remove V, the V removal rate can reach 99% under the conditions of n(Fe)/n(V)=40 and pH 8.5-9.0. Under the same conditions, when the hydrous aluminous oxide and hydrous manganic oxide are used to remove V, the V removal rate only reaches 90% and 60%, respectively. Compared with using ferric salts, hydrous ferric oxide has better vanadium-removal effect. The effect of ferric salt on the V removal from molybdate solution was also investigated. The results show that, as the addition amount of ferric salt (molar ratio of Fe to V) is 40, 97% of V can be removed from sodium molybdate under the conditions of pH 7.5-10.8 and reaction time 60 min, and the Mo loss rate is below 5%. In the ammonium molybdate, the V removal rate can reach 96% under the conditions of n(Fe)/n(V)=10, pH 8.6-9.0 and reaction time 60min, and there is almost no loss of Mo. As the addition of ferric (n(Fe)/n(V)) increases to 20, the V removal rate exceeds 97% and the Mo loss rate is below 2%. The ferric salt is effective reagent for removing V in the process of tungsten and molybdenum smelting.
Key words: sodium tungstate system; sodium molybdate system; ammonium molybdate system; efficient V removal; ferric salt
