(北京科技大學(xué) 土木與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院 金屬礦山高效開采與安全教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 基于電滲理論，提出利用外加直流電場強(qiáng)化細(xì)粒散體浸堆中溶浸液滲流的方法，通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究與機(jī)理分析探討電場作用對(duì)細(xì)粒散體滲透特性的影響。結(jié)果表明：電場作用能夠降低雙電層厚度，使?jié)B流通道的截面積增加，溶液滲流阻力降低，溶浸液的滲流速度增大；其次，電場對(duì)顆粒微孔隙間及滲流盲區(qū)的毛細(xì)水起到電滲驅(qū)動(dòng)作用，促進(jìn)不動(dòng)液的流動(dòng)；浸堆的滲透系數(shù)隨著電場強(qiáng)度的增大先增加后降低，高電場強(qiáng)度下容易發(fā)生電解現(xiàn)象及電滲固結(jié)現(xiàn)象，存在能夠使?jié)B流系數(shù)達(dá)到極值的最優(yōu)電場強(qiáng)度；顆粒粒徑越小，最優(yōu)電場強(qiáng)度越低，浸堆的導(dǎo)電能力就越好，電場作用對(duì)浸堆的滲透性影響越明顯，滲透系數(shù)的增加幅度隨著顆粒粒徑的減小呈指數(shù)增加趨勢。
關(guān)鍵字: 外加電場；細(xì)粒散體；電滲理論；滲透性
（Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal, Ministry of Education,
School of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:Based on the electro-osmosis theory, a method of applied eclectic field to strengthen solution seepage in fine granules heap was put forward, and the influence of electric field on permeability was discussed through experimental research and mechanism analysis. The results show that the electric field can remove bound water and reduce the thickness of double electrode layer, lead to sectional area addition of seepage channel and seepage resistance reduction. Capillary water in seepage dead zone and micro-porosity of particle can be driven by electric field, and the seepage velocity is improved. Permeability coefficient of leaching system first increases and then decreases with the increase of electric field intensity. Electrolysis and electro-osmotic consolidation will happen more easily in high electric field strength. The particle size is smaller, the ability of electric conduction is better, and the optimal electric field strength is lower, the influence of electric field effects on permeability of the leaching system is more obvious, the increase amplitude of permeability index increases with the decrease of particle size.
Key words: applied electric field; fine granules; electro-osmosis theory; permeability
