(1. 承德鋼鐵集團(tuán)有限公司 釩鈦工程技術(shù)研究中心，承德 067102；
2. 中國科學(xué)院 過程工程研究所 濕法冶金清潔生產(chǎn)技術(shù)國家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100190)
摘 要: 針對有毒的提釩尾渣及含釩鋼渣年排放量巨大、無法綜合利用的問題，研究含釩爐渣回收釩的過程機(jī)理。SEM分析結(jié)果表明，提釩尾渣中的釩集中賦存于赤鐵礦相(Fe2O3)和鐵板鈦礦相 (Fe2TiO5)中，同時(shí)也有一部分賦存于含Si錐輝石相(NaFe(SiO3)2)中；鋼渣中的釩則主要賦存在硅酸二鈣、硅酸三鈣、鐵酸鈣相中和自由氧化物。根據(jù)四價(jià)釩和五價(jià)釩具有堿溶性的特性，得出提釩尾渣中92%的釩和鋼渣中94%的釩是堿溶性的。通過溫度和堿濃度對含釩爐渣物相的影響實(shí)驗(yàn)得知，溫度對硅酸鹽相的破壞作用顯著，堿濃度與硅酸鹽相的分解率呈線性增加的關(guān)系。通過NaOH介質(zhì)水熱過程分解含釩爐渣，釩的浸出率高于90%。
關(guān)鍵字: 含釩尾渣；鋼渣；機(jī)理；濕法冶金
（1. Research Center of Vanadium and Titanium Engineering Technology,
Chengde Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., Chengde 067102, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology,
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China）
Abstract:At present, the emission amounts of toxic vanadium tailings and vanadium-bearing converter slags are enormous, and the vanadium-bearing slags cannot be utilized synthetically, the recycling mechanism of vanadium from vanadium-bearing slags was researched. SEM analysis shows that vanadium in vanadium tailings mainly exists in Fe2O3 and Fe2TiO5 phases, also, some are embedded in acmite phase (NaFe(SiO3)2). And, the vanadium in converter slags mainly shows in Ca2SiO4, Ca3SiO5, Ca2Fe2O5 phases and freedom oxides. According to the tetravalent and pentavalent vanadium with alkali-soluble property, it is inferred that above 92% vanadium in vanadium tailings and 94% vanadium in vanadium-bearing converter slags are alkali soluble. Through the influence experiments of temperature and alkali concentration on vanadium-bearing slags phase, it can be obtained that the decomposition of silicate is affected obviously by temperature, and the regulation of silicates decomposition rate with alkali concentration is linear. In conclusion, the more than 90% vanadium can be leached by hydrothermal process in NaOH medium.
Key words: vanadium-bearing tailings; converter slags; mechanism; hydrometallurgy
