(東北大學(xué) 材料與冶金學(xué)院，沈陽 110004)
摘 要: 針對傳統(tǒng)處理高鐵鋁土礦能耗高、金屬提取率低等缺點(diǎn)，提出硫酸氫銨焙燒工藝。在分析廣西高鐵鋁土礦熱分解過程的基礎(chǔ)上，研究硫酸氫銨加入量、焙燒溫度和焙燒時間等工藝參數(shù)，采用XRD對反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物物相進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明：在硫酸氫銨與鋁土礦質(zhì)量比為3.5:1、焙燒溫度為450 ℃、焙燒時間60 min 的條件下，鋁和鐵的提取率分別為93%和95%以上；鋁反應(yīng)的產(chǎn)物為NH4Al(SO4)2，鐵反應(yīng)的中間產(chǎn)物為(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3，最終產(chǎn)物為NH4Fe(SO4)2。該工藝具有焙燒溫度低、金屬提取率高等特點(diǎn)，對廣西高鐵鋁土礦的開發(fā)利用具有重要意義。
關(guān)鍵字: 高鐵鋁土礦；硫酸氫銨；焙燒工藝
（School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:A novel process of roasting high-iron bauxite using ammonium bisulfate was proposed to overcome the defects of traditional process, such as high power consumption and low extraction rates. First, the thermodynamics in decomposition process of high-iron gibbsitic bauxite resource in Guangxi was analyzed. Then, various parameters including ammonium bisulfate addition, roasting temperature and roasting time were investigated. The product was also characterized by XRD. The results show that extraction rates of over 93% and 95% respectively for aluminum and iron are obtained after roasting at 450 ℃ for 60 min and mass ratio of ammonium bisulfate to bauxite being 3.5:1. The phase of alumina-containing compounds is always NH4Al(SO4)2 in product. (NH4)3Fe(SO4)3 is produced as intermediate products, and it is replaced by NH4Fe(SO4)2 finally. The process is proved to be significant with the advantages of high extracting rates and low temperature.
Key words: high-iron bauxite; ammonium bisulfate; roasting technology
