(1. 南昌航空大學 航空制造工程學院，南昌 330063；
2. 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學 材料科學與工程學院，哈爾濱 150001)
摘 要: 為評價磁脈沖輔助沖壓(EMAS)成形在回彈控制方面的作用，基于磁脈沖輔助沖壓工藝原理，建立U形彎曲過程的磁脈沖輔助彎曲回彈控制工藝模擬試驗方案，系統(tǒng)研究該過程中脈沖電磁力對回彈控制的效果和對變形的影響。結果表明：將脈沖電磁力作用于彎曲件角部可有效實現(xiàn)對彎曲回彈的控制，且隨著放電能量和放電次數(shù)的增加，回彈控制效果增強。磁脈沖輔助沖壓成形中，脈沖電磁力對回彈控制的作用主要表現(xiàn)在兩個方面：脈沖磁場力控制彎曲角部位的應力應變分布作用和板坯與模具的高速沖擊效應，兩個過程均能有效減小彎曲回彈。利用脈沖電磁力時，采用小能量多次放電不僅可以控制回彈，而且可以有效地改善彎曲件角部的變形分布，為其工程應用提供借鑒。
關鍵字: 鋁合金；磁脈沖輔助沖壓；回彈控制
（1. School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China）
Abstract:To evaluate the efficacy of springback-control effect during electromagnetically assisted sheet metal stamping (EMAS), the experimental schemes of electromagnetically assisted bending of U-shaped parts were established on the basis of the idea of EMAS, and the involved springback-control effect and deformation characteristics undergoing pulsed magnetic forces were investigated. The results show that the way of applying pulsed magnetic forces to the bending area can effectively reduce springback, and which will be enhanced with the increasing of discharge energy and discharge times. During EMAS, the springback control effect of magnetic force is mainly presented in two aspects: the role of magnetic force changing the strain distributions of bending area and the role of tool-sheet interaction during high-speed loading. Both processes can successfully reduce spingback. Moreover, the way of many times of small discharges can not only control springback, but can also improve the deformation quality of the bending area, which provides a meaningful reference for engineering application.
Key words: aluminum alloy; electromagnetically assisted stamping; springback control
