(1. 西南科技大學 環(huán)境與資源學院，綿陽 621010；
2. 西南科技大學 固體廢物處理與資源化教育部重點實驗室，綿陽 621010)
摘 要: 玻利維亞多金屬錫尾礦含Cu(0.86%)、WO3(0.64%)和Sn(0.26%)，銅礦物以硅孔雀石為主，部分銅礦物與鎢、錫礦物呈固溶體形式產(chǎn)出，鎢以黑鎢礦為主，錫以錫石為主。采用氯化離析法使銅的礦相發(fā)生轉變，而鎢、錫的礦相未發(fā)生轉變，從而將銅礦物與鎢、錫礦物分離。經(jīng)過氯化離析-浮選-強磁選-重選選冶工藝綜合回收銅、鎢、錫條件試驗得到以下優(yōu)化工藝參數(shù)：當離析溫度為900 ℃、離析時間為45 min、氯化鈣用量為3%、焦炭用量為3%時，一段磨礦細度＜74 μm的占95%；強磁選磁場強度H=1.0T時，二段磨礦細度＜38 μm的占95%。在此條件下，可分別得到銅品位為25.04%、銅回收率為83.19%的銅精礦，WO3品位為60.22%、鎢回收率為64.26%的鎢精礦，錫品位為40.11%、錫回收率為65.69%的錫精礦，實現(xiàn)了玻利維亞錫尾礦中有價金屬銅、鎢、錫的綜合回收利用。
關鍵字: 多金屬尾礦；氯化離析；浮選；強磁選；重選
（1. School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education,
Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China）
Abstract:Tin tailings in Bolivia contains Cu (grade of 0.84%), WO3 (grade of 0.64%) and Sn (grade of 0.84%), the copper mineral is predominately present in chrysocolla, but some copper minerals are output in form of solid solution with tungsten and tin mineral. Tungsten is predominately present in wolframite. Tin is predominately present in cassiterite. Adopting chlorination segregation method makes copper mineral phase change, but tungsten and tin mineral phases don’t be changed, thus the copper mineral is separated from tungsten and tin minerals. After the chlorination segregation-flotation-high intensity magnetic separation-gravity separation, and metallurgy process condition experiment of comprehensive utilization of copper, tungsten and tin, the optimal technological parameters are obtained as follows: the segregation temperature is 950 ℃, segregation time is 45 min, calcium chloride dosage is 3%, coke dosage is 3%, primary grinding fineness ＜74 μm occupies 95%, magnetic field intensity of high intensity magnetic separation H=1.0T, and secondary grinding fineness ＜38 μm occupies 95%. Under the optimal conditions, the copper concentrate with Cu grade of 25.04% and copper recovery of 83.19%, tungsten concentrate with WO3 grade of 60.22% and tungsten recovery of 64.26%, tin concentrate with Sn grade of 40.11% and tin recovery of 65.59% are gotten, respectively, which realizes the comprehensive utilization of valuable metals of copper, tungsten and tin from tin tailings in Bolivia.
Key words: polymetallic tailings; chlorination segregation; flotation; high intensity magnetic separation; gravity separation
