(南華大學(xué) 鈾礦冶生物技術(shù)國(guó)防重點(diǎn)學(xué)科實(shí)驗(yàn)室，衡陽(yáng) 421001)
摘 要: 為了研究堆浸鈾礦石粒徑分布對(duì)堆浸效果的影響，配置5組不同粒徑分布分維數(shù)的鈾礦樣進(jìn)行室內(nèi)柱浸試驗(yàn)，測(cè)定不同時(shí)刻浸出液的鈾濃度和pH值，計(jì)算對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)刻的浸出率和酸耗。結(jié)果表明：分維數(shù)越大的鈾礦樣，浸出液中鈾離子濃度峰值出現(xiàn)得越遲、峰值越小，且在峰值出現(xiàn)后，鈾離子濃度越大；在浸出初期，分維數(shù)越大的鈾礦樣，浸出率越低，這種差距在濃度峰值出現(xiàn)之前逐漸增大，峰值過(guò)后逐漸減小；而在浸出后期，分維數(shù)大的鈾礦樣的浸出率依次逐漸超過(guò)分維數(shù)較小的鈾礦樣的浸出率，并保持進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大的趨勢(shì)；在浸出初期，若要獲得相同的浸出率，分維數(shù)越大的鈾礦樣，其酸耗量也越大，酸耗量的差距隨著浸出時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)先增大而后逐漸減小；在浸出后期，要獲得相同的浸出率，酸耗則出現(xiàn)相反的變化情況。
關(guān)鍵字: 鈾礦石；堆浸； 粒徑分布；分維數(shù)
（Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy,
University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China）
Abstract:Uranium ore heap for heap leaching is a kind of loose media which is heaped by broken uranium ore with different sizes. In order to study the influence of the uranium ore particle size distribution on the heap leaching, five groups of uranium ore samples with different fractal dimensions of particle size distribution were prepared for indoor column leaching tests. The uranium concentration and pH of the pregnant solution at different times were determined, and the corresponding uranium recovery and the acid consumption were calculated. The results show that the larger the fractal dimension of the particle size distribution is, the later the uranium ion concentration peak will appear and the lower the peak value will be. Before the peak value appear, the uranium ion concentration in the pregnant solution of uranium ore samples with larger fractal dimensions of particle size distribution is lower than that in the with smaller fractal dimensions. And after the peak, the situation is just the opposite. In the early phase of leaching, the larger the fractal dimension is, the lower the uranium recovery will be. As the leaching reaction proceeds, this difference increases at first, and then decreases gradually. In the late phase of leaching, the leaching rate of ore samples with larger fractal dimensions exceeds that of ore samples with smaller fractal dimensions, and the trend will be maintained. In the early phase of leaching, if the same uranium recovery is to be obtained from all samples, the uranium ore sample with larger fractal dimension will consume more acid. The difference between acid assumptions increases at first, and then decreases gradually. In the late phase of leaching, the situation is just the opposite.
Key words: uranium ore; heap leaching; particle size distribution; fractal dimension
